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问题 选择题

某同学用分子的观点解释下列现象．其中错误的是（　　）

A．热胀冷缩──分子大小随温度的变化而改变

B．花香四溢──分子不停地运动

C．酒精挥发──分子运动后分子间间隔变大

D．食物腐败──分子本身发生了变化

答案

A、热胀冷缩是因为分子间的间隔随温度变化而改变，分子的大小不发生变化，故此项说法错误．

B、花香四溢是因为分子在不停运动，花香的分子运动到空气中，进入人们的鼻孔，便感觉的香味，故此项解释正确．

C、酒精挥发是因为分子的不断运动，使酒精分子间的间隔变大，故此项解释正确．

D、食物腐败发生的是化学变化，物质发生化学变化时，构成物质的分子发生变化，故此项解释正确．

故选A．

单项选择题 B型题

胰头癌表现为（）

A.肿大胆囊呈囊性感，并有明显压痛

B.胆囊肿大呈囊性感，无压痛

C.胆囊肿大，有实性感

D.右上腹压痛，墨菲征（一）

E.胆囊显著肿大，黄疸渐进加深，但无压痛
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问答题

A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. (46)To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
(47)A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was.
Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. (48)They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence—and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were nonsense.
Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. (49) These traits were competence, dominance, likability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits.
(50)Sadly, the characteristics of likability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful).
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