问题 解答题

平面内与两定点A1(-a,0),A2(a,0)(a>0)连线的斜率之积等于非零常数m的点的轨迹,加上A1、A2两点所成的曲线C可以是圆、椭圆成双曲线.

(Ⅰ)求曲线C的方程,并讨论C的形状与m值的关系;

(Ⅱ)当m=-1时,对应的曲线为C1;对给定的m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞),对应的曲线为C2,设F1、F2是C2的两个焦点.试问:在C1上,是否存在点N,使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a2.若存在,求tanF1NF2的值;若不存在,请说明理由.

答案

(Ⅰ)设动点为M,其坐标为(x,y),

当x≠±a时,由条件可得kMA1kMA2=

y
x-a
y
x+a
=m,

即mx2-y2=ma2(x≠±a),

又A1(-a,0),A2(a,0)的坐标满足mx2-y2=ma2

当m<-1时,曲线C的方程为

x2
a2
+
y2
-ma2
 =1,C是焦点在y轴上的椭圆;

当m=-1时,曲线C的方程为x2+y2=a2,C是圆心在原点的圆;

当-1<m<0时,曲线C的方程为

x2
a2
+
y2
-ma2
=1,C是焦点在x轴上的椭圆;

当m>0时,曲线C的方程为

x2
a2
-
y2
ma2
=1,C是焦点在x轴上的双曲线;

(Ⅱ)由(I)知,当m=-1时,C1方程为x2+y2=a2

当m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞)时,C2的焦点分别为F1(-a

1+m
,0),F2(a
1+m
,0),

对于给定的m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞),C1上存在点N(x0,y0)(y0≠0),使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a2

的充要条件为

x02+y02=a2
1
2
2a
1+m
|y0|=|m|a2  ②

由①得0<|y0|≤a,由②得|y0|=

|m|a
1+m

当0<

|m|a
1+m
≤a,即
1-
5
2
≤m<0
,或0<m≤
1+
5
2
时,

存在点N,使S=|m|a2

|m|a
1+m
>a,即-1<m<
1-
5
2
,或m>
1+
5
2
时,不存在满足条件的点N.

当m∈[

1-
5
2
,0)∪(0,
1+
5
2
]时,由
NF1
=(-a
1+m
-x0,-y0),
NF2
=(a
1+m
-x0,-y0),

可得

NF1
NF2
=x02-(1+m)a2+y02=-ma2

|

NF1
|=r1,|
NF2
|=r2,∠F1NF2=θ,

则由

NF1
NF2
=r1r2cosθ=-ma2,可得r1r2=-
ma2
cosθ

从而s=

1
2
r1r2sinθ=-
ma2sinθ
2cosθ
=-
1
2
ma2tanθ
,于是由S=|m|a2

可得-

1
2
ma2tanθ=|m|a2,即tanθ=-
2|m|
m

综上可得:当m∈[

1-
5
2
,0)时,在C1上存在点N,使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a2,且tanθ=2;

当m∈(0,

1+
5
2
]时,在C1上存在点N,使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a2,且tanθ=-2;

(-1,

1-
5
2
)∪(
1+
5
2
,+∞)时,不存在满足条件的点N.

完形填空
In 1883,an engineer named John Roebling intended to build a bridge connecting New York with the Long Island.  36 ,experts throughout the world thought it impossible and not  37  .
Roebling couldn’t  38  the vision in his mind of this bridge. He knew deep in his heart it could be done. He just had to  39  the dream with someone else. After much persuasion he managed to  40  his son Washington,a young engineer,that the bridge  41  could be built.
Working together,the father and son developed concepts of  42  it could be accomplished and how the difficulties could be  43  . With great  44  and inspiration,they hired their crew and began to build their dream bridge.
The project started well,but unfortunately an accident took the life of John. Washington was injured and left with a brain damage, 45  him not being able to walk or talk or even move.
Everyone had a  46  comment to make and felt the project should be trashed. In  47  of his disability,Washington still had a burning  48  to complete the bridge and his mind was still as  49  as ever.
He tried to pass on his  50  to some of his friends. Suddenly an idea  51  him as he lay in hospital. All he could do was move one finger and he decided to make the best  52  of it. By moving this,he slowly developed a code of communication with his wife. He used the method of tapping her arm to tell the engineers what to do. It seemed foolish  53  the project was under way again.
For 13 years Washington tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wife’s arm,until the Brooklyn Bridge was finally completed.
Perhaps this is one of the best examples of a never-say-die  54  that overcomes a terrible physical handicap and  55  an impossible goal.
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材料题