问题 单项选择题

下列有关法律规范的适用和备案的说法哪一种是正确的?()

A.地方性法规与部门规章对同一事项的规定不一致,不能确定如何适用时,由国务院作出最终裁决

B.不同行政法规的特别规定与一般规定不一致不能确定如何适用时,由国务院裁决

C.地方政府规章内容不适当的,国务院应当予以改变或者撤销

D.凡被授权机关制定的法规违背授权目的的,授权和所制定的法规应当一并被撤销

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

根据《立法法》第八十六条第一款第二项,地方性法规与部门规章对同一事项的规定不一致,不能确定如何适用时,最终裁决权属于全国人大常委会,选项A错误。根据《立法法》第八十三条,行政法规的特别规定与一般规定不一致的,适用特别规定,无需国务院裁决,选项B错误。根据《立法法》第八十七条第四项和第八十八条第三项,选项C正确。根据《立法法》第八十八条第七项,授权法规违背授权目的的,授权法规应当被撤销,但授权只是在必要时才撤销,选项D错误。

问答题 简答题

病例摘要:

李某,男,50岁,骤发剧烈上腹痛,伴腹胀、恶心、呕吐1天。

患者于发病当天无明显诱因突然发作剧烈腹痛,初起时觉剑突下偏右呈发作性胀痛,腹痛迅速波及全腹部转成持续性,刀割样剧烈疼痛,并向后背放射,伴恶心、呕吐,吐出胃内容物。发病以来未曾排便及排气,不敢翻身也不敢深呼吸,更不敢使腹部受压。12小时前腹痛加重并出现烦躁不安,憋气,伴体温升高遂来急诊。三年前查体,发现胆囊结石,从无症状,未予治疗。既往无类似腹痛,无溃疡病史。目前症见:上腹胀痛,连及两胁,按压时加重,脘痞纳差,时时欲吐,口干苦而不欲多饮,大便溏薄,黏滞不爽。

查体:T38.9℃,P110次/分,R20次/分,BP110/80mmHg。急性病容,右侧卧位,全身皮肤及巩膜可疑黄染,全腹膨隆,伴明显肌紧张及广泛压痛,反跳痛。肝脾触诊不满意,肝浊音界在右第六肋间,移动性浊音弱阳性,肠鸣音弱。舌质红,苔黄腻,脉弦滑数。

辅助检查:WBC18.9×109/L,Hb96.1g/L,AST211U/L,BUN9.9mmol/L,TBIL30μmol/L,DBIL12μmol/L,血钙1.75mmol/L。淀粉酶885U/L,脂肪酶1428U/L。卧位腹平片示肠管充气扩张,肠间隙增宽。B超:肝回声均匀,未发现异常病灶,胆囊7cm×3cm×2cm大小,壁厚0.4cm,内有多发强光团,回声后有声影,胆总管直径0.9cm,胰腺形态失常,明显肿大,尤其以胰头、胰体明显,胰周多量液性暗区,胰管增粗。

答题要求:1.根据上述病例摘要,在答题卡上完成书面辨证论治。

2.鉴别诊断:请与消化性溃疡急性穿孔相鉴别。

单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

12()

A.processing

B.counting

C.employing

D.implying