茶文化源远流长。据传茶的发现约于公元前2700多年的神农时代。最早祖先们利用的是野生茶树，人工栽培约在3000多年前，巴蜀地区是中国茶树的起源地之一。东晋史书《华阳国志·巴志》记载，周武王伐纣时，巴蜀一带已用当地所产茶叶作贡品，说明当时茶叶生产已有一定规模。而后茶的栽培从巴蜀地区南下云贵，东移楚湘，转粤赣闽，入江浙，北移淮河流域，形成广阔的产茶区。

　　原始社会人类在对植物的长期食用中发现茶树叶有解渴、提神和治疗某些疾病的作用，就把它熬煮成茶水作饮料。长期以来，茶只是用来治病，大约到西周初期，茶叶才发展为茶食，即“生煮羹饭”，后又成为祭品，最终从煮水清饮改进到泡饮。

　　秦以前，各地语言文字不统一，茶的名称众说纷纭。商周时茶叶首次有了名字，叫“荼”，因其苦涩，又叫“苦荼”。据唐代陆羽《茶经》载，唐以前，茶有“荼”、“贾”等名，自《茶经》问世后，正式将“荼”字减去一横，称之为“茶”。

　　春秋战国时期，茶叶已传至黄河中下游地区。清代顾炎武在《日知录》中说：“自秦人取蜀而后，始有茗饮之事。”到了汉代，茶的保健作用日益受到重视。西汉王褒在《僮约》中提到“武阳买荼”，说明当时已有了专卖茶叶的茶叶市场。魏晋南北朝时期，饮茶的风气传播到长江中下游，茶叶已成为待客、宴会、祭礼的饮料。南齐武帝临终遗诏说：“灵座上慎勿以牲为祭，惟设饼、茶饮、干饭、酒脯而已。天下贵贱，咸同此制。”从此茶叶成为祭祀时必备的祭品。

　　唐代中期，饮茶之风盛行全国。各地制茶技术日益提高，出现很多名茶。有关茶的诗歌众多，据统计，李白、杜甫等100多人写了400多篇涉及茶事的诗歌，唐代还首次出现描绘饮茶场面的绘画。宋代，茶成为普及的饮料，特别是上层社会嗜茶成风。制茶的技术达到了精巧奢华的地步，如龙凤团饼茶的制作技术就非常复杂，有蒸茶、榨茶、研茶、造茶、过黄、烘茶等工序。1391年，明太祖下诏“罢造龙团，惟采茶牙以进”。皇室提倡饮用散茶，民间蔚然成风，并将煎煮法改为冲泡法，这是饮茶方法史上的一次革命。明代茶的加工炒制方法和品饮都有了创新，出现了炒青技术和功夫茶艺，从而推动了名茶发展和许多茶类的创新。

　　茶自发现以后，通过各种渠道传向国外。目前世界上50多个产茶国的茶种、饮茶风尚都来自中国。中国茶叶约在汉代就传入日本，唐代又有大批日本僧人来华，回国时带回茶种。中国茶叶传入欧洲是在1607年。东印度公司成立的第二年，荷兰船首次将茶由澳门转运到爪哇。1669年，英国印度公司把14万磅茶叶运到英国，当时只在伦敦咖啡馆中供应少量中国茶。17世纪初明神宗万历年间，中国大使将少量茶叶运入俄国，大量输入是在1689年签订《尼布楚条约》后，1893年，俄国聘请中国茶工发展茶叶生产。此后中国茶叶又从欧洲和中国传入了东南亚各国。

1、下列选项与原文意思不相符的一项是[ ]

A、西周时，作为中国茶树的起源地之一的巴蜀地区的茶叶生产已有一定规模，所产茶叶已作为贡品。

B、西周初年，茶叶的功用由治病发展为泡饮，其间经历茶食、煮水清饮和祭品三个发展阶段。

C、西汉时已有了专卖茶叶的茶叶市场，茶的保健作用日益受到重视。

D、魏晋南北朝时，饮茶的风气已传至长江中下游，茶叶成为祭祀时必备的祭品。

2、中国茶“通过各种渠道传向国外”，对“各种渠道”表述正确的一项是[ ]

A、大批日本僧人来华后，回国时偷偷带回茶种。

B、东印度公司刚刚成立，就将大批茶叶运到英国。

C、清代，中国茶叶大量输入俄国的同时，中国茶工也被聘请到俄国。

D、后来中国茶叶又由日本、欧洲传入东南亚各国。

3、下列推断与原文不相符合的一项是[ ]

A、祖先最早利用的是野生茶树，茶树的人工栽培时间大约在公元前1000多年。

B、唐代陆羽被后人尊为“茶圣”，是因为他最先为茶正名，即将“荼”字减去一横，称之为“茶”。

C、唐代中期，饮茶之风盛行，文人画士的创作涉及茶事，促进了唐代文学、艺术的繁荣。

D、明代是中国茶发展的特殊阶段，茶叶的加工工艺和茶类形式有极大创新，品饮方法也发生了革命性的变化。

True love and kindness is needed in this world. It comes from appreciating the object, and rejoicing in the object, wanting the object to be happy and well, but holding it lightly, not tightly. And this goes for possessions too. You are in an extremely materialistic society in which the possession of more and bigger and better is held up as the total criteria(标准) for being happy.

What we own is not the problem; it’s our attitude towards our possessions. If we have something and we enjoy it, that’s fine. If we lose it, then that’s OK. But if we lose it and we are very attached to it in our heart, then that’s not fine. It doesn’t matter what the object is, because it’s not the object which is the problem. The problem is our own inner grasping mind that keeps us bound to the wheel, and keeps us suffering. If our mind was open and could just let thing flow naturally, there would be no pain. Do you understand? We need our everyday life to work on this, to really begin to see the greed of attachment in the mind and gradually begin to lessen and lessen it.

There is a famous story of a coconut, which is said to be used in India to catch monkeys. People take a coconut and make a little hole just big enough for a monkey to put its paw through. And inside the coconut, which is nailed to a tree, they have put something sweet. So the monkey comes along, sees the coconut, smells something nice inside, and he puts his hand in. he catches hold of the sweet inside, so now he has a fist. But the hole is too small for the fist to get out. When the hunters come back, the monkey is caught. But of course, all the monkey has to do is let go. Nobody’s holding the monkey except the monkey’s grasping greedy mind. Nobody is holding us on the wheel; we are clinging to it ourselves. There are no chains.

54. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. Clinging Causes the Pain                       B. Don’t Learn from the Monkey

C. Giving Up is Holding                               D. Possessions are Pains

55. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is true?

A. The world now is lacking in true love.

B. Owning more means being happier in today’s society.

C. Today’s society is very realistic.                    

D. The society needs better criteria.

56. According to the passage, the monkey is caught because___________      .

A. the hunter is cleverer than the monkey   

B. the monkey wants to eat the sweet

C. the hole is too small for the monkey’s fist

D. the monkey doesn’t know giving up

57. Why did the author tell the story of the monkey?

A. Because he liked monkeys very much.

B. Because the story is very interesting.

C. Because he wants to explain the idea further.

D. Because he wants to make the passage attractive.