阅读理解
Given Australia's size and the fact that early settlements were far apart, Australian society is
remarkably homogeneous (同种的). Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life
in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them. It_takes_a_sharp
_ear_to_identify_regional_accents.
However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city dwellers and the country people.
Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fastpaced cities along the coast and has little more
than a passing familiarity with the desert. The major cities preserve pockets of colonial heritage, but
the overall impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country's youth. In contrast, the
rural communities tend to be slowmoving and conservative. For many years, Australia was said to
have "ridden on the sheep's back", a reference to wool being the country's main moneyearner.
However, the wool industry is no longer dominant. Much of Australia's relatively sound economy
is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the
world. Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important. Australians
are generally friendly and relaxed, with a selfdeprecating sense of humour. On the whole, Australia is
a society without hierarchies (等级制度), an attitude generally held to stem from its prisoner
beginnings.
Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origins. Within only
one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, Australia had become a nation of immigrants.
Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from
elsewhere. Australia's liberal postwar immigration policies led to an influx of survivors from wartorn
Europe, most notably Greeks, Italians, Poles and Germans.
The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from
Southeast Asia. Today Australia is a 'blend of nations' and although some racism exists, it has
generally been a successful experiment and the country is justifiably proud to have one of the most
harmonious multicultural communities in the world.
1. What does the writer mean by saying "It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents." in the first
paragraph?
A. Australians speak Standard English with no local accents whatsoever.
B. You have to practice a lot to learn to understand the different accents.
C. The Australian regional accents are very difficult to understand indeed.
D. There is not much difference between the accents in different areas of Australia.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.
B. The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.
C. The majority of people living in Australia come from Europe.
D. The pace of life is different in the city and in the country.
3.The underlined pronoun "it" in the final paragraph refers to "________".
A. community
B. racism
C. blend of nations
D. Southeast Asia
4. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. there are no signs of Australia's colonial past in its modern cities
B. Australia's recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia
C. immigrants from Southeast Asia have brought racial problems
D. "riding on sheep's back" resulted in slow development in rural communities
5. This passage mainly focuses on Australia's ________.
A. society
B. economy
C. racial problems
D. history
