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问题 选择题

动物的行为多种多样．下列各行为中属于先天性行为的是（　　）

A．小狗钻火圈

B．听饭盆声，饲养动物就往饭盆跑

C．小猴走钢丝

D．小牛出生就会吃母牛的奶

答案

先天性行为是指动物生来就有的，由动物体内的遗传物质所决定的行为，称为先天性行为例如：蜜蜂采蜜，蚂蚁建巢，蜘蛛织网，鸟类迁徙等． 先天性行为是动物的一种本能行为，

不会丧失．

学习行为是动物出生后通过学习得来的行为．动物建立学习行为的主要方式是条件反射．参与神经中枢是大脑皮层不是与生俱来的而是动物在成长过程中，通过生活经验和“学习”逐渐建

立起来的新的行为．小狗钻火圈、听饭盆声，饲养动物就往饭盆跑、小猴走钢丝，是通过学习得来的行为，属于学习行为；小牛出生就会吃母牛的奶，是生来就有的，不学就会的，由体内的遗传物质所决定的先天性行为．

故选D．

单项选择题 A3/A4型题

患者男性，67岁，因胰腺癌手术后，出现全身骨骼剧烈疼痛，用阿司匹林、酮络酸止痛，效果不佳。

所选药物在发挥镇痛作用同时，引起心动过速、血压降低和呼吸抑制，应给予的救治药物为（）

A.曲马多

B.洛贝林

C.咖啡因

D.喷他佐辛

E.纳洛酮
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填空题

Part 3


Questions 19-25


·Read the following passage and answer questions 19-25.
·For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer from A, B, C and D.
·Markyour answers on the Answer Sheet.
It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for the most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern way; that they are possessive and dominant; that they don’t trust their children to deal with the crisis; that they talk too much about certain problems — and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships.
I think it is true that parent often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.
Young people often irritate their parent with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture of society of their own. Then, it turns out that their music and entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents. This gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and they are leaders in style and taste.
Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you don’t want your parents to approve what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that cases, you are assuming that you are an underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. There is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you are completely under your patents’ control. But it ignores the face that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.
If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress your parents with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.

Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they ______.

A．feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults

B．are not likely to win over the adults

C．have already been accepted into the adult world

D．have a desire to be independent
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