问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面节选的课文(12分)

这一学年没有完毕,我已经到了东京了,因为从那一回以后,我便觉得医学并非一件紧要事,凡是愚弱的国民,即使体格如何健全,如何茁壮,也只能做毫无意义的示众的材料和看客,病死多少是不必以为不幸的。所以我们的第一要著,是在改变他们的精神,而善于改变精神的是,我那时以为当然要推文艺,于是想提倡文艺运动了。在东京的留学生很有学法政理化以至警察工业的,但没有人治文学和美术;可是在冷淡的空气中,也幸而寻到几个同志了,此外又邀集了必须的几个人,商量之后,第一步当然是出杂志,名目是取“新的生命”的意思,因为我们那时大抵带些复古的倾向,所以只谓之《新生》。

《新生》的出版之期接近了,但最先就隐去了若干担当文字的人,接着又逃走了资本,结果只剩下不名一钱的三个人。创始时候既已背时,失败时候当然无可告语,而其后却连这三个人也都为各自的运命所驱策,不能在一处纵谈将来的好梦了,这就是我们的并未产生的《新生》的结局。

我感到未尝经验的无聊,是自此以后的事。我当初是不知其所以然的;后来想,凡有一人的主张,得了赞和,是促其前进的,得了反对,是促其奋斗的,独有叫喊于生人中,而生人并无反应,既非赞同,也无反对,如置身毫无边际的荒原,无可措手的了,这是怎样的悲哀呵,我于是以我所感到者为寂寞。

这寂寞又一天一天的长大起来,如大毒蛇,缠住了我的灵魂了。

然而我虽然自有无端的悲哀,却也并不愤懑,因为这经验使我反省,看见自己了:就是我决不是一个振臂一呼应者云集的英雄。

只是我自己的寂寞是不可不驱除的,因为这于我太痛苦。我于是用了种种法,来麻醉自己的灵魂,使我沉入于国民中,使我回到古代去,后来也亲历或旁观过几样更寂寞更悲哀的事,都为我所不愿追怀,甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的,但我的麻醉法却也似乎已经奏了功,再没有青年时候的慷慨激昂的意思了。

(节选自《〈呐喊〉自序》)

小题1: 从上面的节选部分看,鲁迅为什么决定“弃医从文”?(2分)

小题2:《新生》失败前后,鲁迅的心理发生了怎样的变化?(2分)

小题3:结合文意,说说下面两个句子使用的修辞手法及表达效果。(4分)

(1)“接着又逃走了资本。”

(2)“这寂寞又一天一天的长大起来,如大毒蛇,缠住了我的灵魂了。”

小题4:从鲁迅“学医”与“从文”的选择中,你受到了怎样的启发?请另举一例加以说明。

(4分)

答案

小题1:(2分)鲁迅认为最重要的不是强健国人的身体,而是改变他们的精神,于是选择了最能改变精神的文艺。

小题1:(2分)之前(与朋友纵谈“将来的好梦”),对改造国民精神充满希望;之后陷入了悲观与寂寞。

小题1:(4分)(1)拟人,用“逃”表达资本的撤离;形象地表现了对自私者的批评与自己的无奈。(2分,分号前后各1分)

(2)比喻,用“大毒蛇”缠住灵魂作比;形象地表达了当时心中寂寞的强烈与无法挣脱。(2分,分号前后各1分)

小题1:(4分)答案示例:

个人的生命,投入到国家振兴的大事业中,才更有意义。(2分)像孙中山,本可以富裕平安地度过一生,但他不顾艰险投身于民族的解放事业,生命因而伟大。(2分)

(从其他角度答,符合文意、言之成理亦可。)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Most American families like to have a vacation in summer. Summer is a good season for vacation. It is

often hot during the months of July and August. Children do not go to school during these two months.

     Some people like to stay at home during their vacation. They walk in the garden,visit their friends, read

books or watch TV. Many families take their lunch to a park or somewhere far from the city. They like to 

get where there are many trees or a nice lake. If they live near the ocean, they often go to the beach. There

they can fish,swim or enjoy the sun.

     Many Americans like to meet people from other countries like Mexico or Canada. Some people have

enough time and money to travel to other countries like Frence, Japan or Argentina. They usually fly to the

countries by plane. The United States is a large county. Many families travel by car or by train to see

interesting places in their country. Some favorite cities to visit are New York, Chicago, Miami, San Francisco

and Los Angeles. These big cities have many famous buildings, theaters, stores and other places of interest

for tourists.

     Not everyone likes to go to busy cities. Some families travel to the mountains or to beautiful valleys.

They usually take a camera and return with many nice pictures of the places they visit. It is always fun to

put the pictures in an album (相册) and share them with friends.

1. From the passage we know that children don't go to school during________.

A. the months of July and August

B. the months of June and July

C. the month of August and September

D. the month of July

2. Argentina is a ________.

A. city

B. village

C. country

D. town

3. Not everyone likes to go to busy cities. This sentence tells us that ________.

A. no one likes to go to busy cities

B. Everybody likes to go to busy cities

C. many people like to go to busy cities but not all like to go to

D. the United States is a large country indeed.

4. The underlined word "tourist" means "________".

A. 建筑师

B. 旅游者

C. 诗人

D. 商人

5. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. All the Americans like to meet people from other countries.

B. Americans like to travel to some mountains and valleys.

C. Americans really like to travel during their vacation.

D. If the people live near the ocean.they like to stay at home.

单项选择题 A3/A4型题