阅读下面材料，结合 所学知识，回答问题（共10分）

材料一：开埠后的近代上海迅速成为远东最繁荣的港口和经济、金融中心，“是近代亚洲屈指可数的国际化大都市之一”、被称为“十里洋场”……

——互动百科

（1）材料一中，上海的“开埠”是根据哪一条约的规定？这一条约的什么内容最能体现当时英国发动侵略战争的目的？（2分）

材料二：“中国欲自强，则莫如学习外国利器；欲学习外国利器，则莫 如觅制器之器。”

（2）在材料二所述运动中，中国为了“自强”和“求富”创办了一系列工业。根据所学知识，列举在上海创办的军事工业和民用 工业各一例。（2分）

（3）近代首先发生在上海思想文化领域的 反封建运动中，谁在此地创办了什么杂志，成为这场运动的阵地？（2分）

材料三：2010年上海世博会是迄今为止全球最大规模的世博会，它对促进世界的和平与和谐有着广泛的影响和独特的作用，当数千万中国人以无比欣慰的心情迈进上海世博园大门时，便真真切切地的触摸到人类文明的脉搏。按照7000万的参观者计算，世博会的成功举办对于上海经济直接拉动效益客观。加上全球正处在摆脱金融危机的关键一年，这样的盛会就更加引人注目。但在世博会展示的场馆中，中国企业所表现出的创新活力不足，这是必须要正视的现实。

──摘编自中国青年报“上海世博会，中国人感知什么”等

（4）结合材料三分析举 办上海世博会的意义，从材料三中你还能得到什么感悟？（2分）

The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child’’s basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant’’s first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers. Peers are equals that one can deal with on the same level as oneself, whereas parents are superiors. The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds of learning difficult.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it. During the course of teaching their subjects, classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself.In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhood socializers. Children’’s books, comics and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add three powerful indirect or non-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of well-being, and develop attitudes towards others from what they see on the screen and hear through the speakers.

The child’s basic understanding of the world around it is formed________.

A．at kindergarten

B．in the earliest months

C．by classroom instructors

D．through interaction with parents