问题 选择题

下列动物行为中,属于学习行为的是(  )

A.鸡妈妈把小猫掩护在翅膀下

B.蚂蚁觅食

C.黑猩猩钓白蚁

D.小鸟筑巢

答案

先天性行为是指动物生来就有的,由动物体内的遗传物质所决定的行为,称为先天性行为例如:蜜蜂采蜜,蚂蚁建巢,蜘蛛织网,鸟类迁徙等. 先天性行为是动物的一种本能行为,不会丧失.学习行为是动物出生后通过学习得来的行为.动物建立学习行为的主要方式是条件反射.参与神经中枢是大脑皮层不是与生俱来的而是动物在成长过程中,通过生活经验和“学习”逐渐建立起来的新的行为.黑猩猩钓白蚁,是通过学习得来的行为,属于学习行为.鸡妈妈把小猫掩护在翅膀下、蚂蚁觅食、小鸟筑巢,由体内的遗传物质所决定的先天性行为.故C符合题意.

故选:C.

阅读理解

At Harton College-an English boarding school(寄宿制学校)for boys-there are many rules.Fifteen-year-old Bob Sanders often breaks them.

The boys can go into the town in the afternoon after class. But they must return to the school at six o’clock. One afternoon Bob walked to the town. He looked at the shops and then went to the cinema. After the film, he looked at his watch. It was after eight o’clock. He was a little worried . He walked back to Harton College as fast as possible.

When he arrived, he ran quickly to the main entrance(主要入口).It was locked. He went round the school buiding to another door. That one was locked too. He looked up at the window of his dormitory(宿舍).It was on the third floor. The window was open. But it was quite dark and he could not climb up the wall easily. Then he saw another open window on the ground floor. It was the window of the headmaster’s study(书房).

He looked into the room-no one was there. Bob quickly climbed on to the window and jumped into the room. Just then he heard a noise. Then someone turned on a light in the corridor(走郎).Bob looked around and then hid under the sofa. One minute later, Mr Mannering the headmaster, came in. He turned on the light on his desk, and sat down on the sofa(沙发).Then he opened a book and began to read.

Bob lay under the sofa as quietly as possible. He couldn’t move. The floor was cold and uncomfortable. He looked at the headmaster’s shoes and socks for an hour.

“Why doesn’t he get up and go to bed?”Bob thought.

Mr. Mannering read his book for another hour.Finally, the headmaster closed his book and stood up. He put the book on a shelf and walked towards the door.

“Thank God he didn’t find me under the sofa,”thought Bob.

Then Mr. Mannering stopped and spoke towards the sofa.

“Would you turn off the light when you leave?”

He said, and left the study.

57.Bob returned to the school more than two hours late because_______.

A.he enjoyed himself too much  B.he did not catch the bus

C.he hated the rules     D.he ran into an old friend

58.The main entrance was_______.

A.too high   B.open  C.shut   D.slightly open

59.Bob didn’t go to his dormitory because_______.

A.the gate was locked  B.the window was shut

C.it was quite dark      D.the wall was too high for him to climb up

60.Bob actually went into the headmaster’s_______.

A.dormitory        B.private(私人的)office

C.kitchen            D.bedroom

问答题 案例分析题

某工程,建设单位委托监理单位实施施工阶段监理,按照施工总承包合同约定,建设单位负责空调设备和部分工程材料的采购,施工总承包单位选择桩基施工和设备安装两家分包单位。在施工过程中,发生如下事件:事件1:在桩基施工时,专业监理工程师发现桩基施工单位与原申报批准的桩基施工分包单位不一致。经调查,施工总承包单位为保证施工进度,擅自增加了一家桩基施工分包单位。事件2:专业监理工程师对使用商品混凝土的现浇结构验收时,发现施工现场混凝土试块的强度不合格。施工单位认为,建设单位提供的商品混凝土质量存在问题;建设单位认为,商品混凝土质量证明资料表明混凝土质量没有问题。经法定检测机构对现浇结构的实体进行检测,结果为商品混凝土质量不合格。事件3:空调设备安装前,监理人员发现建设单位与空调设备供应单位签订的合同中包括该设备的安装工作。经了解,由于建设单位认为供货单位具备设备安装资质且能提供更好的服务,所以在直接征得设备安装分包单位书面同意后,与设备供应单位签订了供货和安装合同。事件4:在给水管道验收时,专业监理工程师发现部分管道渗漏。经检查,是由于设备安装单位使用的密封材料存在质量缺陷所致。

写出专业监理工程师对事件4中质量缺陷的处理程序。