简述商鞅变法的目的、内容及影响。（6分）
目的：富国强兵
内容：一是承认土地私有，允许自由买卖。二是奖励耕战，包括奖励耕织和奖励军功两方面。三是普遍推行县制，由国君直接派官治理，使县直属于国君，加强了中央集权。
影响：使秦国发展成为战国末期最富强的封建国家，为秦统一六国奠定了基础。
题目分析：考查了学生的识记能力，范围是春秋战国时期的社会变革商鞅变法。是个很重要的知识点，但难度一般，应该大多数同学都能完成，只要记忆力不特别差的应该都能回答。
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| In the Ituri rain forest in America live many different tribes, one of 1 is Pygmy. Most of the Pygmies are not taller than four feet. They 2 only about eighty pounds each. In spite of their small size, they are the best 3 among all the jungle people. Even the great elephant can be 4 by them. They can shoot three or four arrows so 5 that often the last one leaves the bow 6 the first has hit its mark. If an arrow should miss its 7 , the impatient Pygmy may become very angry, 8 his arrows and step on them. Since they do not plant any crops, Pygmies are 9 moving around. They seldom sleep in one camp for more than a few days. In their camps there is no 10 at all except some weapons such as spears, bows, and arrows. There are 11 cooking pots either. Food is eaten 12 or smoked over a fire. So when the tribe moves to a new camp there is 13 to carry except their weapons and babies too small to walk. Pygmies can move on the trees almost as skillfully as 14 . Often they travel great distances through the branches without 15 the ground. One of the 16 facts about the small men and women is their appetite(胃 口). A Pygmy can 17 sixty bananas at a single meal 18 quantities of meat. After eating, they will 19 on their hard earth bed and groan all night. But in the morning, they are ready to eat the same amount of food all over again. In spite of the 20 life, Pygmies are almost always good-natured and helpful. They seldom lie, steal or fight among themselves. | ||||
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