问题 单项选择题

舒张早期奔马律与第三心音在产生机制及听诊上不同之处为

A.出现在健康人

B.出现在心率>100次/分

C.坐位时消失

D.距第二心音较近

E.心肌张力不降低

答案

参考答案:B

解析:[解题思路] 第三心音音调较低,强度弱,性质重浊,时间短0.04s,在心尖部及其内上方于仰卧位易听见。舒张早期奔马律听诊部位为左室奔马律在心尖部或其内侧,右室奔马律在剑突下或胸骨右缘第5肋间。听诊特点为音调低、强度弱、在S2之后,与S1和S2的间距相仿,通常心率较快,因此类似马奔跑。

阅读理解

Insomnia is the inability to fall asleep or sleep restfully.It is a problem to nearly everyone at some time .A person may be awake for an hour in the middle of the night and then , next morning, feel that he hardly sleep all night Normally, worry about not getting enough sleep is the worst aspect of most insomnia.If insomnia is recurrent, however, it is important to find its causes and try to correct them, with the help of a doctor if necessary.

Any of a large number of simple factors may take it difficult for someone to fall asleep or remain asleep.His matters may be too soft or too hard.If there are too many blankets on a hot night, he may be too warm; if the bedclothes are too light he may feel cold during the night.If it is not dark enough, or too noisy, this may cause difficulty in sleeping.Eating shortly before going to bed also be responsible for insomnia.Stimulating drinks, such as tea or coffee, can also keep people awake.

Inability to fall asleep is sometimes a symptom of emotional or mental disorders.Insomnia may also be caused by pain and, very rarely, it can be a symptom of a physical disease.

The cause of insomnia may be easy to correct.The sufferer should check the mattress, bedclothes and bedroom temperature, and make any necessary changes.An eye mask keeps out the night and ear-plugs shut out sound.He should relax for an hour or two before bedtime, perhaps by reading a book; watching TV, or taking a warm bath.If he wakes during the night he should try turning on the light and reading for a while.Taking warm milk and a biscuit or two may be helpful.Above all, he should try not to worry about sleeplessness when someone is tied enough he nearly always falls asleep.

If necessary, a doctor may prescribe tranquillizers or sleeping pills.Take only the dosage he prescribes; any more is dangerous.

67.According to the writer, insomnia is ______.

A.a rare problem                       B.a sign of illness

C.a common complaint                  D.a modern disease

68.Which of the following statements is not the cause of insomnia?

A.too many blankets on a hot night      B.drinking juice

C.emotional or mental disorders         D.physical pain

69.Insomnia needn’t be taken seriously because_______.

A.people can catch on sleep during the day.

B.many people sleep far too much.

C.it can easily be cured by doctors.    

D.it is cured naturally by tiredness.

70.The main cure for insomnia is_____.

A.reading a book at night               

B.having sleeping pills

C.watching television before bedtime     

D.not to get too anxious about sleeping

问答题 简答题