问题 多项选择题

张某从某商场购买一微波炉。回家使用时,该微波炉发生爆炸,灼伤张某家中保姆小马的右手。经调查,该事故是因为运输过程中的强烈颠簸造成,快捷运输公司对此负有过错。关于该事故中的责任主体与追偿方式,下面说法正确的是:

A.就微波炉的损失,张某既可以向该商场追偿,也可以向微波炉的生产商追偿

B.就微波炉的损失,张某可以向该商场追偿,也可以向快捷运输公司追偿

C.小马就自己的损害,既可以向该商场请求赔偿,也可以向微波炉的生产商请求赔偿,还可以将商场和生产商作为共同被告告上法院

D.该商场可以快捷运输公司为被告提起赔偿之诉,该诉与张某对商场提起的诉讼可以合并审理

答案

参考答案:C,D

解析:[考点] 产品瑕疵担保义务与产品缺陷侵权责任
《消费者权益保护法》第35条第1款和第2款规定,消费者在购买、使用商品时,其合法权益受到损害的,可以向销售者要求赔偿。销售者赔偿后,属于生产者的责任或者属于向销售者提供商品的其他销售者的责任的,销售者有权向生产者或者其他销售者追偿。消费者或者其他受害人因商品缺陷造成人身、财产损害的,可以向销售者要求赔偿,也可以向生产者要求赔偿。属于生产者责任的,销售者赔偿后,有权向生产者追偿。属于销售者责任的,生产者赔偿后,有权向销售者追偿。其中,第1款规定了销售者违反产品瑕疵担保义务后的责任承担,该责任为违约责任,严格遵守合同相对性原则,损害赔偿只能向销售者提出。第2款规定的是产品缺陷责任,该责任为侵权责任,不管是否存在合同关系,只要因缺陷产品受到损害就可提起赔偿,且后一种赔偿既可以向生产者提出,也可以向销售者提出。
A项,商场违反了产品质量瑕疵担保义务,因此,张某可以依据合同提起违约之诉。注意,缺陷产品自身的损失是不能以提起侵权之诉得以解决的。因此,张某只能请求商场赔偿,故该项错误,不选。
B项,《民法通则》第122条规定,因产品质量不合格造成他人财产、人身损害的,产品制造者、销售者应当依法承担民事责任。运输者、仓储者对此负有责任的,产品制造者、销售者有权要求赔偿损失。可见,张某无权直接要求运输公司承担责任,因为他们之间不存在直接的合同关系。故该项错误,不选。
C项,属于产品缺陷侵权责任的承担。《产品质量法》第43条规定,因产品存在缺陷造成人身、他人财产损害的,受害人可以向产品的生产者要求赔偿,也可以向产品的销售者要求赔偿。属于产品的生产者的责任,产品的销售者赔偿的,产品的销售者有权向产品的生产者追偿。属于产品的销售者的责任,产品的生产者赔偿的,产品的生产者有权向产品的销售者追偿。题干中的小马受到的损害属于缺陷产品损失之外的损害,他与商场和产品的制造者没有直接的合同关系,因此只能提起侵权之诉。在该情形下,生产者和消费者承担连带赔偿责任,可作为共同被告。故该项正确。
D项,《民通意见》第153条规定,消费者、用户因为使用质量不合格的产品造成本人或者第三人人身伤害、财产损失的,受害人可以向产品制造者或者销售者要求赔偿。因此提起的诉讼,由被告所在地或侵权行为地人民法院管辖。运输者和仓储者对产品质量负有责任,制造者或者销售者请求赔偿损失的,可以另案处理,也可以将运输者和仓储者列为第三人,一并处理。可见,该项正确。
对于产品瑕疵责任和缺陷责任,《民法通则》、《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》、《产品质量法》均有规定,应综合掌握。

判断题
完形填空
You Are Going Places
I work at a local restaurant in town as cashier, seater and waiter.
I went to work feeling     小题1:     . And to make things worse, I was busy that evening.
It’s the same thing over and over again.     小题2:     with customers who complain about their
food and where they are    小题3:   is too big or too small. Little things like that tend to  小题4:    
a lot of us     小题5:     but we manage to deal with it.
Three elderly ladies walked in and sat by the windows. It happened to be the very   小题6:    
near where I keep the dirty      小题7:    in the boxes. Trying to keep up with all the dirty tables,
customers leaving and coming in and    小题8:   running all over the house, it was crazy.  小题9:   
these elderly women were watching   小题10:    I was working to make sure every table was clean
and ready for the next customers.
When they    小题11:    their meals, I took their plates back to the kitchen. They talked to me
for a while about school, how I was doing, what  小题12:     I was in and what I planned to do in
the future.
    小题13:    they were leaving, they walked past me and one of them said to me in a    小题14:   
and gentle voice, “You are going places. And that was it.” They left the    小题15:    and I had tears
in my eyes, because they gave me    小题16:    to believe in myself. They    小题17:    my spirit from
being down and gave me a    小题18:    to keep on working hard.
People used to tell me that I couldn’t have a career in   小题19:   until I had a degree. I’m now
a co-anchor(联合支持人)of a student-produced television     小题20:     . And the best thing is:
I’m only 17 years old and I am a senior in high school.
小题21:
A.tiredB.excitedC.upD.down
小题22:
A.DealingB.HelpingC.TalkingD.Meeting
小题23:
A.satB.seatedC.laidD.seating
小题24:
A.attractB.avoidC.adjustD.annoy
小题25:
A.employeesB.customersC.bossesD.employers
小题26:
A.tableB.boxC.spotD.kitchen
小题27:
A.dishesB.roomsC.clothesD.chairs
小题28:
A.menB.womenC.serversD.people
小题29:
A.AndB.OrC.ButD.So
小题30:
A.whatB.howC.whereD.why
小题31:
A.finishedB.completedC.orderedD.got
小题32:
A.placeB.gradeC.markD.position
小题33:
A.BeforeB.WhileC.AsD.After
小题34:
A.confidentB.loudC.lowD.pleasant
小题35:
A.kitchenB.houseC.restaurantD.table
小题36:
A.abilityB.courageC.imaginationD.time
小题37:
A.put downB.picked upC.took overD.pointed out
小题38:
A.causeB.reasonC.presentD.permission
小题39:
A.televisionB.governmentC.schoolD.restaurant
小题40:
A.companyB.stationC.showD.advertisement