(理)设a>0,a≠1为常数,函数f(x)=loga
(1)讨论函数f(x)在区间(-∞,-5)内的单调性,并给予证明; (2)设g(x)=1+loga(x-3),如果方程f(x)=g(x)有实数解,求实数a的取值范围. |
(1)设t=
,任取x2<x1<-5,则x-5 x+5
t2-t1=
-x2-5 x2+5 x1-5 x1+5
=(x1+5)(x2-5)-(x2+5)(x1-5) (x2+5)(x1+5)
=
.10( x2-x1) (x2+5)(x1+5)
∵x1<-5,x2<-5,x2<x1,
∴x1+5<0,x2+5<0,x2-x1<0.
∴
<0,即t2<t1.10(x2-x1) (x2+5)(x1+5)
当a>1时,y=logax是增函数,∴logat2<logat1,即f(x2)<f(x1);
当0<a<1时,y=logax是减函数,∴logat2>logat1,即f(x2)>f(x1).
综上可知,当a>1时,f(x)在区间(-∞,-5)为增函数;
当0<a<1时,f(x)在区间(-∞,-5)为减函数.
(2)g(x)=1+loga(x-3)=logaa(x-3),
方程f(x)=g(x)等价于:a(x-3)= x-5 x+5 x>3 x<-5或x>5
即方程a=
在区间(5,+∞)上有解,x-5 (x+5)(x-3)
∵[
] /=x-5 (x+5)(x-3)
=-x2+10x-5 (x+5) 2(x-3) 2 -[x-(5-2
)][x-(5+25
)] 5 (x+5)(x-3)
∴函数F(x)=
在区间(5,5+2x-5 (x+5)(x-3)
)上导数大于零,在区间(5+25
,+∞)导数小于零5
可得F(x)=
在区间(5,5+2x-5 (x+5)(x-3)
)上单调增,在区间(5+25
,+∞)单调减5
∴F(x)的最大值为F(5+2
)=5
,而F(x)的最小值大于F(5)=03- 5 16
要使方程方程a=
在区间(5,+∞)上有解,必须a∈(0,x-5 (x+5)(x-3)
]3- 5 16
所以a的取值范围是:(0,
]3- 5 16