问题 单项选择题

甲于2007年2月死亡。乙因与甲生前素来不和,遂到处散布甲系赌博欠下巨额高利贷无法偿还而自杀身亡,在社会上造成了较恶劣的影响。甲之子欲向法院起诉,要求追究乙的侵权责任。下列哪一选项是正确的

A.甲已经死亡,不再具有民事主体资格,因而乙的行为不构成侵权
B.乙的行为侵害了甲的名誉,依法应当承担侵权责任
C.只有甲的配偶有权代表甲对乙提起诉讼
D.只有甲的子女有权对乙提起诉讼

答案

参考答案:B

解析:[考点] 死者的名誉权保护
《民法通则》第9条规定,公民从出生时起到死亡时止,具有民事权利能力,依法享有民事权利,承担民事义务。自然人死亡后,其民事权利能力随之消灭,不再具有民事主体资格,不再享有任何民事权利。但这并不意味着可以随意诋毁死者,基于对死者亲属感情的尊重和对良好社会风尚的维护,自然人死亡后,其姓名、肖像、名誉、荣誉和隐私等人格利益(区别于权利)仍受法律保护,这是一种对人格利益的保护。事实上,按照《侵权责任法》第2条的规定,侵权责任侵犯的客体正是财产、人身权益,此处的权益包括权利也包括利益。
《精神损害赔偿解释》第3条规定,死者名誉遭受侵害的,死者的近亲属有权提起侵权之诉。本题中,乙故意毁损甲的名誉,构成侵权,应依法承担侵权责任,甲的近亲属有权提起侵权之诉。故A项错误,B项正确。
《精神损害赔偿解释》第7条规定,自然人因侵权行为致死,或者自然人死亡后其人格或者遗体遭受侵害,死者的配偶、父母和子女向人民法院起诉请求赔偿精神损害的,列其配偶、父母、子女为原告;没有配偶、父母和子女的,可以由其他近亲属提起诉讼,列其他近亲属为原告。故CD项错误。

填空题

Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results (1) motivated behavior.
Motivation can be either positive or negative (2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, (3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away (4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives (5) needs, wants or desires, (6) negative drives as fears or aversions. (7) , though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically (8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in (9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior. (10) this reason, researchers often refer (11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.
Goals, (12) , can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is (14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to (15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain (16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and (17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin (18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams. (19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal -- attractiveness; in the (20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal -- wrinkled skin.

单项选择题