问题 问答题

在研究“水果电池电压与哪些因素有关”的实验中(如图8所示)

(1)小星作出如下猜想:

猜想一:水果电池电压与水果种类有关

猜想二:水果电池电压与两电极间距离有关

猜想三:水果电池电压与两电极插入水果的深度有关

为了验证上述猜想是否正确,小星设计了如下准备实验和记录的表格.

①为验证猜想一,应做编号为______的实验;

②为验证猜想二,应做编号为______的实验;

③为验证猜想三,应做编号为______的实验.

(2)小星又提出猜想四:水果电池电压与水果大小有关.

他将苹果依次切去一部分来做实验,并将数据记录如下:

该实验说明______.

(3)以上探究方法在初中物理中经常用到,以下探究活动中也采用了此方法的是

______(选项不唯一):

A.探究电流与电压、电阻的关系;B.探究决定导体电阻大小的因素

C.探究浮力大小等于什么;D.探究动能大小与什么因素有关

答案

(1)猜想一:水果电池电压与水果种类有关,应控制两极的深度和距离不变,水果种类不同,所以选择2,5;

猜想二:水果电池电压与两电极间距离有关,应控制水果和两极的深度相同,距离不同,故选4,5;

猜想三:水果电池电压与两电极插入水果的深度有关,应控制水果种类和两极的距离相同,深度不同,故选1,3;

(2)从表格是可得出,当水果大小发生变化时,电压基本不变,故结论为:水果电池的电压与水果的大小没有关系;

(3)探究电流与电压、电阻的关系;探究决定导体电阻大小的因素;探究动能大小与什么因素有关的三个实验都采用的控制变量法.

故本题答案为;(1)①2、5 ②4、5 ③1、3;(2)水果电池电压与水果大小无关;(3)A、B、D;

阅读理解

第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

Richard Charles Rodgers was born in New York City on June 28th, 1902. Both his parents enjoyed singing and playing the piano. His grandparents loved opera and took their grandson to many productions. Richard attended many Broadway (百老汇) shows as a child. Richard began playing the piano by the age of three. At the age of fifteen, he decided that he would work in the musical theater. In the same year, he wrote the music for a stage show presented by a local group of young people. Then, he wrote music for a production of the students at Columbia University.

Richard and his wife Dorothy had two daughters and six grandchildren. One daughter and two grandsons also write music. Richard died in 1979. Books written about his life describe him as a cold man who was often depressed (消沉的). Family members say he was only able to express himself through music.

Other future show business leaders were also involved in the Columbia productions. Two of these men would be very important in Richard’s life — Oscar Hammerstein and Lorenz Hart. Richard once said the show he liked the best was Carousel, the second musical (音乐剧) he wrote with Oscar Hammerstein. Music experts say that a Richard show is always playing somewhere in the world — on Broadway, in theaters in different countries, and in local school productions. And people all over the world still enjoy the movies linked to Richard, such as State Fair, South Pacific, Pal Joey, The Sound of Music, Oklahoma and Carousel.

小题1:When did Richard Charles Rodgers decide that he would work in the musical theater?

A.In 1967.

B.In 1917.

C.In 1907.

D.In 1905.小题2:Which musical is the one that he likes most?

A.Oklahoma.

B.The Sound of Music.

C.State Fair.

D.Carousel.小题3:Which is the first musical he wrote with Oscar Hammerstein?

A.Carousel.

B.South Pacific.

C.Not mentioned.

D.State Fair.小题4: What’s the best title for the passage?

A.All the life of Richard Charles Rodgers

B.Richard Charles Rodgers’ Family

C.Richard Charles Rodgers’ Music

D.Richard Charles Rodgers’ Stage

单项选择题