问题 单项选择题

采用超额累进税率征收的税种是( )

A.营业税

B.资源税

C.个人所得税

D.企业所得税

答案

参考答案:C

解析:营业税采用比例税率;资源税采用定额税率;企业所得税采用比例税率,

阅读理解
subways
The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines
Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that make up of Tokyo’s huge subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya- literally, “pusher”- who push passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your ride is hell.
The Moscow Metro
Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers(枝行吊灯),marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美壁画). With more than 7 million riders a day , keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden.
The Hong Kong MTR
Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores ,supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95% of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card.
Shanghai Metro
Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.
The London Metro
Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in 1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”
小题1:Which one can provide the riders with some wonderful decorations at the stations?
A.The Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesB.The Moscow Metro
C.The London MetroD.The Hong Kong MTR
小题2: ___________ is done with the purpose of making money.
A.The Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesB.The Moscow Metro
C.Shanghai Metro D.The Hong Kong MTR
小题3:We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ___________.
A.carries the most people each day
B.is the world’s largest
C.may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future
D.is the busiest in the world
小题4:How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?
A.2B.3C.4D.5
小题5:What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Shanghai is the third to build a metro system in China, which has become the largest in the world.
B.You’ll feel sick when you travel on the Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines.
C.Londoners call their subway the Underground because 55 percent of it lies above ground.
D.It is estimated that 95% of the population in Hong Kong own an Octopus card.
问答题

1.领导干部,在我国政治、经济和社会生活各个方面都处于“首领”的地位,其法律素质的状况直接影响着我国法制建设的进程。那么,经过这些年的普法教育,我们领导干部的法律知识到底有多少他们的法律观念到底有多深他们依法办事的能力到底有多强围绕这3个方面的问题,河北省委党校课题组对华北某省的34名地厅级干部、59名县处级干部,158名科局级干部进行了问卷调查。2.调查结果令人吃惊,下面是部分调查结果:在法律知识学习的积极性和重视程度方面,系统学习过《宪法》的比例,地厅级是85%,县处级是70%,科局级仅有65%;系统学习过《民法通则》的分别是56%、49%和36%;系统学习过《行政处罚法》的分别是59%、47%、39%。正是由于知识不足,对法律问题的把握也存在着类似差别。在回答“什么机关是宪法规定的最高国家权力机关”时,地厅、县处、科局三级干部的正确率分别是91%、86.4%和78.5%。在回答行政诉讼的证据规则时,三级干部的正确率分别是23.5%、17%和12.7%。3.从调查情况看,目前领导干部虽然充分认识到法律知识和法律素养在市场经济和民主政治建设中的重要性,但自身的法律知识准备不足,尤其是《宪法》、《行政诉讼法》和《行政处罚法》等有关国家体制、法律原则、领导干部职权的产生、运作、界限和法律责任等的知识和素养严重缺乏,对宪法和法律的一些基本原则和基本问题了解不够,把握不准。更令人吃惊的是,接受调查的领导干部中,竟有27%的领导干部没有学过作为国家根本大法的《宪法》,这不能不说是令人堪忧的现象。4.对法律知识的学习不深入,导致了一些领导干部对有些重要问题的理解存在严重偏差。例如,对于地方人大与地方政府的关系这样一个宪法常识问题,有1.6%的人回答不知道,有17.5%的人认为地方各级政府是地方各级党委的执行机关,有25%的人认为地方各级政府就是地方各级权力机关,回答的正确率仅有55.9%;当问及是否学习过《行政诉讼法》时,有49%的人作了肯定的回答,但能正确回答出“在行政诉讼中主要应由被告行政机关承担举证责任”这样一个重要的证据规则的人仅有15%。另外,不少领导干部对“行政执法”的内涵缺乏正确的认识:对“检查”、“处罚”这类限权或剥夺权利的行政行为认为是执法,而对为公民法人登记、发放抚恤金这类赋权的行为则有相当多的人不认为是行政执法。5.在权威观念上,有67.3%的人认为,依法治国应树立宪法和法律的最高权威,这无疑是十分可喜的;但值得注意的是,被调查者也有8%选择了“法律的权威不能大于人的权威,尤其不能大于最高领导人的权威”这样一个人治论的观点。在国家权力和公民权利的关系上,只有 41.8%的人回答是公民权利产生国家权力,而42.6%的人回答是国家权利产生公民权利,另有15.6%的人回答“不知道”。可见“中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民”的宪法原则,以及“国家公务员手中的权力是人民通过法律授予的”这样的法治观念在一些领导干部心目中还相当淡漠。有71.6%的被调查对象对“依法治国”的理解还仅仅停留在管理主义的水平,而对“依法治吏是依法治国的核心问题”采取认同态度的仅仅有25.9%。6.调查对象中,许多人看到了我国法制建设的艰巨性,仅有3.6%的人认为我国的法治国家目标会很快实现,而86%的人则认为虽然能够实现,但很艰难。只有48.6%的人认为,我国现存的法律制度对国家稳定和社会发展发挥了很大的积极作用,另有46.6%的人认为,虽然发挥了积极作用,但执法现状并不如意。7.对“一个行政执法案件,在实际中是否能够以法定程序公正解决”的问题,只有21.5%的被调查对象认为能够依照法定程序公正解决,其余近80%的被调查者选择了“权压了法”或“钱了了法”;有51.8%的人认为“权力对公正执法的干扰最大”。8.但是,当问到“您处理违法行为时,您的上司来电话说情,这时您首先想到的是什么”这一问题时,表示“能继续坚持依法办理”的被调查者为66.1%,表示“准备迎合领导意图或为了给领导一个面予,违心地打点折扣”的被调查者也高达33.9%。这种情况说明,作为执法者的领导干部,虽然大多数具有依法办理的信念,但当遇到权势的压力或个人的利益、地方利益发生矛盾时,其执法的坚定性将大打折扣。9.对当前执法现状的评价,基层干部显然要悲观得多。在依法办理的坚定性方面,干部级别越低,赞成并坚持依法办理的比例越低;在遇到权势的压力时,准备放弃法律原则迎合领导意图的比例却越高,在科局级干部中的比例竞高达41.1%。10.不久前,中组部、中宣部、司法部下发《关于加强领导干部学法用法工作的若干意见》,这是为了落实中 * * 、国务院转发的《中央宣传部、司法部关于在公民中开展法制宣传教育的第四个五年规划》和《全国人大常委会关于进一步开展法制宣传教育的决议》精神,进一步培养和增强领导干部的法律素质,提高各级领导干部依法决策、依法行政、依法管理水平,加快推进依法治国进程而推出的重大举措。

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