问题 单项选择题

按图样完成的方法和使用特点,图样分为( )、底图、副底图、复印图、CAD图。

A.原图

B.初图

C.简图

D.草图

答案

参考答案:D

综合题

(12分)阅读下列材料。

材料一 儒,最早章太炎认为是求雨的巫师,胡适在《说儒》里指出儒是从事“治丧相礼”的“殷民族的教士”,葛兆光先生根据马王堆汉墓帛书《易传》之《要》篇所引孔子言“吾与史巫同途而殊归也”。

——孟鸥、王峰《高中历史教科书的内容组织与学生认知》

材料二 儒家文化的核心是按照天然的长幼以及男女将每个人编入一个等级组织中,然后,根据出生位置给他课以一辈子不变的责任与义务;不管是成年之前,还是之后,甚至儿女、弟弟都六七十岁了,每个人在这个层次秩序中的地位不变,永远是在长者说话时幼者只有听话的分,只能低一等或几等,永远没有自我。从儿女出生开始,通过《三字经》等经典将他们嵌入“孔家店”,扣上“三纲”包袱,让他们任何时候都会因不服长者的意愿而内疚得无地自容。

材料三 一个典型中国人的一辈子实际上是不幸的;小时候你必须无条件地听父母亲的话;年轻时最能花钱但却没钱花;等到真正有钱的中年时候又不可能幸福,因为首先要四世同堂,没有个人的空间,也要负担父母的生活;老了以后也是很不幸的,如果只有一个孩子,那个孩子可能看着父母亲时会想:“他怎么还这么健康,我还要养他”。如果有两个孩子,他们看着年老的父母就会互相推诿。那么,做父母亲的就在想“我怎么还不死?我怎么要靠他们的施舍来给我生存的保证?”后代看到老年人感觉是负担,老年人看着后代又感觉要看很多面子,也处于一个更不幸福的状态。

材料四 中国人和西方人都重视“家”,只是追求的“家”的境界不同。……在处于温饱与饥饿之间的农业社会里,生存是一个永恒的挑战,所以“家”的功能很难超出利益交易和保险互助,温情脉脉会过于奢侈,这种社会可能必须要有“刚性”的家庭结构,要阉割个性,否则“家”之内的经济交易就很难有确定性,这就是儒家以及任何传统农业言语化的共性。在近代西方社会生动上升,人们的收入超出温饱之后,“家”的经济功能逐渐由金融保险市场来胜任,这时的“家”文化没必要那么“刚性”,也不必约束个人的自由,因为感情的交融是逼不出的,只有基于个 * * 利、基于个人自由选择的“家”里,父母、兄弟姐妹之间的感情交流才是自愿真诚的,才不是出于“义务”责任感而为的。中国人和西方人的儿女都会照顾父母老人,只不过前者可能更多出于“义务”责任感,而后者是出自“爱”,差别即在此。

——材料二、三、四均摘编自陈志武:《金融的逻辑》

请回答:

(1)根据材料一,分析早期儒者的特征。(2分)

(2)结合材料二、三分析儒家文化的影响。(4分)

(3)根据材料四,概括传统中国家庭与西方近代以来的家庭的不同并分析其主要原因。(6分)

单项选择题

Despite increased airport security since September 11th, 2001, the technology to scan both passengers and baggage for weapons and bombs remains largely unchanged. Travellers walk through metal detectors and carry-on bags pass through x-ray machines that superimpose colour-coded highlights, but do little else. Checked-in luggage is screened by "computed tomography", which peers inside a suitcase rather like a CAT scan of a brain. These systems can alert an operator to something suspicious, but they cannot tell what it is.

More sophisticated screening technologies are emerging, albeit slowly. There are three main approaches: enhanced x-rays to spot hidden objects, sensor technology to sniff dangerous chemicals, and radio frequencies that can identify liquids and solids. A number of manufacturers are using "reflective" or "backscatter" x-rays that can be calibrated to see objects through clothing. They can spot things that a metal detector may not, such as a ceramic knife or plastic explosives. But some people think they can reveal too much. In America, civil-liberties groups have stalled the introduction of such equipment, arguing that it is too intrusive. To protect travellers’ modesty, filters have been created to blur genital areas.

Machines that can detect minute traces of explosive are also being tested. Passengers walk through a machine that blows a burst of air, intended to dislodge molecules of substances on a person’s body and clothes. The air is sucked into a filter, which instantaneously analyses it to see whether it includes any suspect substances. The process can work for baggage as well. It is a vast improvement on today’s method, whereby carry-on items are occasionally swabbed and screened for traces of explosives. Because this is a manual operation, only a small share of bags are examined this way.

The most radical of the new approaches uses "quadrupole resonance technology". This involves bombarding an object with radio waves. By reading the returning signals, the machines can identify the molecular structure of the materials it contains. Since every compound--solid, liquid or gas--creates a unique frequency, it can be read like a fingerprint. The system can be used to look for drugs as well as explosives.

For these technologies to make the jump from development labs and small trials to full deployment at airports they must be available at a price that airports are prepared to pay. They must also be easy to use, take up little space and provide quick results, says Chris Yates, a security expert with Jane’s Airport Review. Norman Shanks, an airport security expert, says adding the new technologies costs around $ 100 000 per machine; he expects the systems to be rolled out commercially over the next 12 months. They might close off one route to destroying an airliner, but a cruel certainty is that terrorists will try to find others.

Which of the followings is a determining factor in terms of the prospect of the screening technologies discussed in the text()

A. Their efficiency

B. Their brand

C. Their output

D. Their component