问题 材料题

材料一:西周初年,一共建立了71个封国。

材料二:公元前770年,周平王迁都洛邑。从此我国进入春秋时期,王权衰落,周王统治出现了危机。一些诸侯国强大起来。为了争夺更多的土地、财产和人口,正当左右天下。支配别国的霸主,几个大的诸侯国之间展开长期的争霸战争。

材料三:春秋之后,我国进入战国时期,这时,周王已无足轻重,诸侯国更少了,主要有齐、楚、燕、韩、赵、魏、秦七个大国,历史上成为“战国七雄”。

(1)春秋的第一个霸主是谁?他为何能做到这一点?

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(2)曾是春秋五霸的哪一个国家不存在了?它被哪三个国家代替?

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(3)出现春秋争霸的原因是什么?

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(4)为达到一统天下的目的,秦国采取了怎样的外交政策?东方六国又是如何应对的?

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(5)运用数据统计可以看出,从周初的分封,到战国时期诸侯国发生了怎样的变化?从整个中 * * 的角度看,这种变化有什么积极意义?

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答案

(1)齐桓公   齐桓公任用政治家管仲为相,发展生产,改革内政,整顿军队,使齐国国力强盛。齐桓公打出尊敬周王和阻止周边民族侵犯中原的旗号,取得政治上的优势。

(2)晋国 韩、赵、魏。

(3)周王室王权衰落,一些诸侯国强大起来。为了争夺土地、人口、左右天下的权力,展开了争霸战争。

(4)秦国——连横;东方六国——合纵。

(5)变化:诸侯国数量锐减      意义:诸侯国的锐减,有利于国家的统一。

填空题
阅读理解

Gyber language is popular among Chinese netizens, who create English words to reflect novel phenomenon in society.

"Gelivable", combining pinyin of Chinese characters Geili (giving strength) with the English suffix for adjectives, literally means "giving power" or "cool". Similarly, "Hengelivable" means "very cool", and "ungelivable" means "dull, not cool at all". "Antizen" referred to the group of college graduates who, earning a meager salary and living in small rented apartments, are like the tiny and laborious ants.

David Tool, a professor with the Beijing International Studies University said it’s very interesting to combine Chinese with English to create new words. “English is no longer mysterious to the Chinese people. They can use the language in a flexible way according to their own experiences,” he said. Chinese words and expressions were created, as well, by netizens. One example was “Suan Ni Hen”. This three-charessions were created, as well, by netizens. One example was “Suan Ni Hen”. This three-character expression, which originally meant “you win” with the first character carrying the same pronunciation as garlic in Chinese, is used to satirize(讽刺)high garlic and food prices this winter.

Chinese people use the character “bei” before a verb to show a passive voice, and it is used by netizens to show the helplessness in front of false conclusions and fake media reports. For instance, “zisha” means “suicide” while “beizisha” means “be officially presumed to have committed suicide”, and xiaokang means “fairly comfortable life” while “beixiaokang” means “be said to be living a fairly comfortable life”.

Wu Zhongmin, a professor at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, saw the phenomenon of word creation as a natural response of young people to social issues. “Cyber language is more vivid and it shortens people’s distances,” he said.

小题1:The passage mainly tells us that           .

A.cyber language is popular among all people

B.cyber language is of great fun

C.cyber language needs to be taught at coolege

D.cyber language in China is popular for it’s relation with society小题2:Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Ungeilivable means “dull, not cool at all”.

B.Antizens live in small rented apartments with small salaries.

C.Suan Ni Hen refers to the highest food prices ever.

D.Beixiaokang means “be said” to be living a comfortable life.小题3:What can we infer from the phenomenon of word creation?

A.It’s getting more difficult to understand cyber language.

B.Young people are more likely to respond to nature.

C.Social phenomena are more easily reflected in cyber language.

D.The best way to create new cyber words is to combine Chinese and English.小题4:Chinese netizens created English words by         .

A.combining pinyin of Chinese characters with the English suffix

B.using the character carrying the same pronunciaton

C.combining Chinese characters with the English

D.putting the character “bei” before an English word