患者，女性，37岁，有9年的肺结核病史，未治愈，今日咳嗽后突然大咯血600ml，并咯血不止，病区护士应首选哪项紧急处理措施
A．吸氧
B．给予镇静药
C．手术治疗
D．垂体后叶素5U+葡萄糖静脉注射
E．纤维支气管镜+1%肾上腺素
参考答案：D
解析：患者出现大咯血，需立即用垂体后叶素5U+葡萄糖静推止血。大咯血是支气管及肺部病变侵及压力高的支气管动脉并导致其破裂所致。垂体后叶素具有强烈的收缩血管作用，收缩小肺动脉。
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| In my dual (双重的) profession 1 an educator and health care provider, I have worked with many children infected with HIV. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great 2 can be found in the smallest individuals. Let me tell you about Tyler. Tvler was 3 infected with HIV; his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to 4 him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted in a vein (静脉) in his chest. At times, he also needed extra oxygen to support his 5 . Tyler wasn't 6 to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not 7 to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-loaded backpack and 8 his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon (小推车). All of us who knew Tyler were impressed by his pure 9 in being alive and the energy it gave him Tyler's mom often 10 him by telling him that he moved so 11 she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly 12 him. This deadly diseade eventually 13 down Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, 14 did his HIV- infected mother. When it because 15 that he wasn't going to survive, Tyler's mom talked to him about 16 . She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too and that she would be with him soon in heaven. A few days before his death, Tyler 17 to me to come to his hospital bed and 18 , "I might die soon. I'm not 19 . When I die, please dress me in 20 . Mom promised she's coming to heaven, too. I'll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me." | ||||
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