问题 单项选择题

1979年11月,美国公民杰克逊等9人在阿拉巴马州地方法院对中华人民共和国提起诉讼,要求偿还他们所持有的清政府1911年发行的“湖广铁路债券”的本息,对于此债务,中华人民共和国政府是否继承

A.不予继承,因为是恶意债务,恶债不予继承

B.不予继承,因为是清政府的债务,而不是新中国政府的债务

C.应当继承,因为清政府是前政府,则也是新中国政府的债务

D.不予继承,因为对前政府的债务一律不予继承

答案

参考答案:A

解析:[测试点] 国家债务的继承。
国家债务是指一国对他国或国际组织所负的任何财政义务。根据罗马法上的“债务同财产一并转移”的原则,继承国既然继承了被继承国的财产,就应继承其债务。但在现代国际实践中贯彻“恶债不予继承”原则。所谓“恶债”是指违反国际法基本原则或违背继承国根本利益所负之债。“湖广铁路债券”实属恶债。因为这次借债是1911年,清朝政府为了维护其反动统治和 * * 中国人民的辛亥革命,勾结在华划分势力范围的帝国主义列强决定加快修建铁路,由于财政危机只能向帝国主义借债,因此,我国政府理所当然地不予承认这一债务,这完全符合国际法原则,而且也为国际法实践所证明的。故A项为正确答案。

问答题
单项选择题

A

Imagine, one day, getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours, and then, after a full day of work, going back home to Beijing and having dinner there.

Sounds unusual, doesn’ t it But it’ s not that unrealistic, with the development of China’ s high-speed railway system. And that’ s not all. China has an even greater high-speed railway plan to connect the country with Southeast Asia, and eventually Eastern Europe.

China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 1 0 to 15 years, eventually reaching London and Singapore.

China has proposed three such projects. The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and Malaysia. Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uz-bekistan, and possibly to Germany. The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe.

If China’ s plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people Could zip over from London to Beijing in under two days.

The new system would still follow China’ s high-speed railway standard. And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as some airplanes.

China’s bullet train(高速客车), the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou, already has the World’ s fastest average speed, It covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hours.

Of course, there are some technical challenges to overcome. There are so many issues that need to be settled, such as safety, rail gauge (轨距), maintenance of railway tracks. So it’s important to pay attention to every detail.

But the key issue is really money. China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion.

China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital investment. Resources from those countries could stream into China to sustain development.

It’ll be a win-win project. For other countries, the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, not to mention the better communication among those countries.

For China, such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop China’ s far west. We foresee that in the coming decades, millions of people will migrate to the western regions, where the land is empty and resources unused. With high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all. And they’ 11 trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries.

According to the passage , the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is()

A. technical issues

B. safety of the system

C. financial problems

D. maintenance of railway tracks