美国著名的经济学家阿瑟·奥肯发现了周期波动中经济增长率和失业率之间的经验关系，即当实际GDP增长相对于潜在GDP增长(美国一般将之定义为3%)下降2%时，失业率上升大约1%；这条经验法则以其发现者为名，称为奥肯定律。潜在GDP这个概念是奥肯首先提出的，它是指在保持价格相对稳定情况下，一国经济所产生的最大产值。潜在GDP也称充分就业GDP。下列和上述的分析方法相同的是：
A．青蛙的双腿对水面的蹬力很大，水给青蛙的反作用力也很大，人们从中受到启示，模仿青蛙发明了蛙泳的游泳方式
B．齿轮的转速和齿数成反比，即齿轮的齿数越多，齿轮转速越慢
C．蝙蝠在夜间能够快速飞行，可以躲避障碍物，这是因为它的耳朵能听到超声波遇到障碍物时产生的回声。如果把蝙蝠的耳朵堵上，它就会撞到障碍物；如果把蝙蝠的眼睛蒙上，它却不会撞到障碍物
D．天上有了扫帚云，不出三天大雨淋
参考答案：D
解析： 奥肯定律是美国经济学家阿瑟·奥肯发现的周期波动中经济增长失业率之间的经验关系，D项也是一种经验获得。
Every day cars kill or hurt many people on roads. Sometimes the drivers drive too fast or do not drive carefully enough .Some of them traffic rules and cause accidents. According to some researchers, it is usually the pedestrians(行人) who cause the accidents. A lot of road users are very . They walk or run across the roads the cars. They walk in the roads but not on the walkways. Some do not take the time to the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights. Many people think accidents often happen in roads in large cities, but this is not always true. , Tokyo is one of the world’s largest cities and probably one of the busiest cities. However, there are accidents to pedestrians. The reason is that the police there are very and the pedestrians are very careful . Pedestrians never cross the roads against a red light and they follow the traffic rules. Do you know alcohol(酒精) is another main cause of traffic accidents? It delays(延缓) people’s response(反应). Those who have drunk alcohol are in making decision. They need a few more seconds to react. Alcohol drinking is especially dangerous for motor car drivers. It is not only drivers who may have accidents after drinking, drunk pedestrians may put their lives in danger as well.
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