问题 问答题 简答题

投机套利与套期保值有何不同?会计上应如何处理?

答案

参考答案:

(1)区别:套期保值与投机套利的显著区别在会计上表现为套期与被套期项目“息息相关”,甚至可将期视为被套期保值项目的附属行为;而投机套利则是投资的一种特殊形式,是独立的,旨在牟利的行为.所以,从期货会计的角度看,套期保值与投机套利对于持有期货合约的结果,即损益的归属和处理有着本质的划分。

(2)套期保值会计将期货合约的浮动盈亏和平仓盈亏都作为被套期保值项目账面价值的调整。期货合约产生的盈亏应当与相关价格绎被套期保值项目的影响相配比,在同一时期计入损益.这样;三者对损益影响的相互抵消将使套期保值“锁定成本或收益水平”的经济实质得到反映.投机套利期货合约的买卖不存在相联系、相配比的项目,因此,平仓时的已实现损益在当期予以确认。但对浮动盈亏是否确认为当期损益仍有争议,国际上也存在不同的会计处理方法。一种是坚持市原则,将期货合约浮动盈亏和平仓盈亏一视同仁,都作为已经实现的损益予以确认;另一种方法是坚持历史成本原则,只确认平仓盈亏,对持仓合约的浮动盈亏,仍作为未实现损益不予以确认,仅作表外披露。

填空题

Many animals engage in play,but homo sapiens is the only animal (1) have invented sports.Since sports are an invention,a part of culture (2) than an aspect of nature,all definitions of sports are somewhat arbitrary. (3) sports are a human universal found in every known culture or a (4) unique to modern society depends upon one’s definition of sports.Men and (5) have always run,jumped,climbed,lifted,thrown, and wrestled,but they have (6) always performed these physical activities competitively. Although all literate societies seem to (7) contests of one sort or another in which men, and sometimes women, (8) in displays and tests of physical skill and prowess,sports may be (9) defined as physical contests performed for their own sake and not for (10) ulterior end.According to this strict definition,neither Neolithic hunters nor contestants (11) religious ceremonies such as the ancient Olympic Games were engaged in sports. (12) on the stipulation that sports must be performed for their own sake (13) the paradoxical elimination of many activities which are usually thought of as (14) ,such as exercises done for the sake of cardiovascular fitness,races run (15) satisfy a physical education requirement,ball games played to earn a paycheck. (16) definition also means abandonment of the traditional usage in which"sport,"derived (17) Middle English disporter,refers to any light hearted recreational activity.In the. (18) of some 18th- century aristocrats,a game of backgammon and the seduction of (19) milkmaid were both considered good sport,but this usage of the term (20) become archaic.

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