问题 材料题

哲人们认为,思想是地球上最美丽的花朵。一个拥有伟大思想的民族,才能拥有不断前行的力量。

材料一 孔子想回到西周,维护奴隶制,政治上是保守主义者,有他的落后一面,但他是伟大的史学家、教育家和人道主义的倡导者,他在历史文化遗产的继承、整理和传播上有卓越的贡献。……在孔子以前,中国历史文化当已有两千五百年以上之积累,而孔子集其大成。 

——钱穆《孔子传》

(1)请结合史实说明孔子是中国远古“历史文化”的集大成者。

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材料二 下图是《孙中山手书的同盟会纲领》

(2)结合右图指出,在20世纪初,孙中山提出了什么重要思想?请简述这一重要思想的历史作用。

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(3)毛 * * 是伟大的马克思主义者,中华人民共和国的主要缔造者。他是在怎样的时代背景下信仰马克思主义的?在国共十年对峙时期,他对马克思主义的创新主要体现为哪一理论的提出?请简述其内容。

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材料三 “计划经济不等于社会主义,资本主义也有计划;市场经济不等于资本主义,社会主义也有市场。”“计划多一点还是市场多一点,不是社会主义与资本主义的本质区别,两者都是经济手段。” 

——邓 * * 南方谈话

(4)根据材料三并结合所学知识概括邓 * * 讲话的基本思想并指出其影响。

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(5)综合上述材料,概括指出中 * * 主流思想的发展具有怎样的显著特点?

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答案

(1)史实与说明:孔子苦研《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》等,它们是中国远古文化之积累。孔子苦研整理《六经》等文化典籍,倾注自己的政治理想,使之成为儒家经典。孔子的努力使中国远古的“历史文化”得以传承和发展。

(2)思想:三民主义(或推翻清政府的统治,建立资产阶级共和国)。作用:是中国近代资产阶级民主革命纲领,它的提出极大地推动了资产阶级民主革命运动的发展。(注:孙中山的思想来源:源于孙中山对西方各种资产阶级社会政治学说的潜心研究和西方政治制度、经济生活和社会现状的实地考察。)

(3)背景:辛亥革命后的中国,民族灾难依然深重;俄国十月革命的胜利使苦苦探求救国救民真理的中国先进分子受到启迪,看到希望。理论:工农武装割据。内容:农村包围城市,最后夺取城市和全国 * * (或武装夺取 * * )。

(4)基本思想:“计划”和“市场”都是手段,不是社会主义和资本主义的本质区别(社会主义也可以使用市场经济体制)影响:为社会主义市场经济理论奠定基础。

(5)特点:中 * * 主流思想的发展是与时俱进的;是在对传统文化的传承、对外部优秀文化的汲取与融合中实现的;是在不断创新中前行的。

单项选择题
完形填空
完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并将答案填入答题卡相应位置
Whenever I recall my childhood, there is one thing I remember clearly. My father used his   36 to let my mother   37  her parents who lived far away. There was just my younger brother and myself in the   38 . One evening, our father came home and there was no   39 , not even a piece of bread. My father had no money and he was as   40  as we were. My brother and I went to bed without having anything.
  41  I knew from the expressions on my father’s face that he could not   42  us be hungry for long. He left the house, and about two hours later he   43  and woke us up. He had two small potato pies in his hands. I didn’t know where he got the money for the food but somehow he   44  to find a way. It was clear that he wanted to get his children   45 .
My father did not eat and had   46  all day but he sat there and felt   47  at seeing us eat. This has always stuck in my   48 . At that moment, I felt moved  knowing that he tried his best not to let us   49 , and he wanted us to know he was always there ____50______ us.
In   51  times, I think, it is important not to   52  weakness but strength.   53  the mother is the cement(黏合剂)that   54  a family together, then the father is the steel that strengthens(加固) that cement.
It is his values and   55  that have carried me forward and helped me deal with my own problems in life.
小题1:
A.car
B.ticket
C.savings
D.right
小题2:
A.call
B.visit
C.bring
D.invite
小题3:
A.classroom
B.office
C.house
D.farm
小题4:
A.food
B.drinks
C.electricity
D.gas
小题5:
A.poor
B.hungry
C.angry
D.sleepy
小题6:
A.So
B.Till
C.But
D.Since
小题7:
A.hear
B.let
C.remember
D.prevent
小题8:
A.lost
B.hid
C.found
D.returned
小题9:
A.managed
B.forgot
C.needed
D.refused
小题10:
A.something
B.nothing
C.anything
D.everything
小题11:
A.bargained
B.worked
C.searched
D.prepared
小题12:
A.lucky
B.sorry
C.happy
D.regretful
小题13:
A.mouth
B.teeth
C.mind
D.chest
小题14:
A.change
B.share
C.wait
D.suffer
小题15:
A.of
B.on
C.in
D.with
小题16:
A.difficult
B.dangerous
C.interesting
D.comfortable
小题17:
A.admit
B.show
C.discuss
D.understand
小题18:
A.Unless
B.If
C.Though
D.Until
小题19:
A.designs
B.places
C.takes
D.holds
小题20:
A.permission
B.hobbies
C.actions
D.attitudes