问题 问答题 论述题

结合作品分析《高老头》中拉斯蒂涅的形象及典型意义。

答案

参考答案:

拉斯蒂涅是复辟王朝时期资产阶级青年野心家的典型。作者细致刻画了其思想变化的原因和野心家性格定型的过程,这是以其在巴黎求学所经历的两位“导师”的教导和“人生三课”完成的。

鲍赛昂子爵夫人是他的第一位导师,她给年青而善良的大学生上了第一课,告诉他支配社会的两根魔术棒:门第和金钱,而获取其中任何一种都需要把别人当作“驿马”,最后教他去追求纽沁根太太,作为向上爬的跳板。伏脱冷则是他的第二位导师,伏脱冷的开导是拉斯蒂涅接受的人生第二课。他唆使拉斯蒂涅去追求银行家泰伊番的女儿,自己派人杀死银行家的儿子,而后劫财分赃,尽管此计未成,但使拉斯蒂涅确信了“有财便是德”的金钱规律。高老头的苦难与惨死是拉斯蒂涅接受的人生第三课。当高老头的钱财被女儿榨干,变成赤条条两足动物后,也被女儿抛弃了,高老头因无钱孤苦死去;紧接着,鲍赛昂夫人因钱而情场失意,伏脱冷因钱而被出卖……这一系列由金钱导演的悲剧发生了,促使拉斯蒂涅终于明白,清白诚实一无用处,只有金钱是金科玉律的道理。于是,在埋葬高老头的同时,埋葬了自己最后一滴神圣的同情泪,自甘堕落,终于自觉走上资产阶级野心家的道路。

拉斯蒂涅由一个稍具同情心的青年堕落为资产阶级野心家,既显示了贵族被资产阶级征服的必然趋势,也揭露了资本主义社会环境对青年人的腐蚀作用,批判了金钱的罪恶。这个形象的典型意义为:小说通过拉斯底涅的演变,反映了贵族阶级的衰亡和资产阶级的兴起,揭露了金钱的罪恶。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher emphasized (强调) the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.

     One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished. Gently shaking his head,

shrugging his shoulders, he said, "You don't say!" "You don't say!" I was puzzled. I thought, perhaps this is not an appropriate topic (适当的话题). "Well, I'd better change the topic." So I said to him. "Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there?" "Certainly, everyone back home

will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was magnificent." He was deep in thought when I

began to talk like a tourist guide. "The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud

of it." Soon I was interrupted again by his words:"You don't say!" I couldn't help asking, "Why do you ask me not to talk about it?" "Well, I didn't request you to do so, " he answered, greatly surprised. I said, "

Didn't you say' you don't say?" Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to explain, 'You

don't say' actually means 'really!' It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English

idioms." Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with

idiomatic expressions. Remember: what the English teachers said is always right to us students.

1. A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms because _______.

A. English idioms were not important  

B. I was not careful with English idioms

C. my teacher didn't emphasize the importance of them  

D. I had no interest in them

2. At first, on hearing "You don't say," I thought the foreigner meant _______.

A. he was not interested in the topic  

B. he was only interested in the Great Wall

C. I had talked too much            

D. I had to stop talking

3. The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means _______.

A. interesting

B. important

C. terrible

D. unlucky

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall.

B. The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after I talked about it.

C. The Englishman wanted me to act as his guide.

D. The Englishman visited the Great Wall and thought it worth visiting.

5. After the Englishman explained the idiom, _______.

A. I thought the Englishman had made me a fool  

B. the Englishman became a real fool.

C. I felt very silly          

D. I became more carefully in everything