问题 单项选择题

Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1) only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even (2) . You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3) the truth of this.

Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite (4) .

(5) , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6) .

It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7) for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it (8) .

Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9) forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and (10) to everyone.

This may be so. (11) a British cannot have much (12) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (13) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate — or as inaccurate — as the weathermen in his (14) .

Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15) weather that the British (16) to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (17) by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it” “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you” Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is (18) .pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is at a loss to know (19) to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20) an answer from even the most reserved of the British.

7()

A.emotion

B.fancy

C.likeliness

D.judgment

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

语义衔接题。根据常识以及文章下面的论述可推断英国人喜欢谈论天气。[B]fancy“喜好”,符合文章意思。[A]emotion“感情”,在这里没有表示出“喜爱”的感情;[C]likeliness“可能性”和[D]judgment“判断”都和文章意思相去甚远。

单项选择题
问答题

某高速公路第五施工合同段地处城郊,主要工程为路基填筑施工。其中K48+010~K48+328段原为路基土方填筑,因当地经济发展和交通规划需要,经各方协商,决定将该段路基填筑变更为(5×20+3×36+5×20)m预应力钢筋混凝土箱梁桥,箱梁混凝土强度等级为C40。变更批复后,承包人组织施工,上部结构采用满堂式钢管支架现浇施工,泵送混凝土。支架施工时,对预拱度设置考虑了以下因素:
(1)卸架后上部构造本身及活载一半所产生的竖向挠度。
(2)支架在荷载作用下的弹性压缩挠度。
(3)支架在荷载作用下的非弹性压缩挠度。
(4)由混凝土收缩及温度变化而引起的挠度。
根据设计要求,承包人对支架采取了预压处理,然后立模、普通钢筋制作、箱梁混凝土浇筑、采用气割进行预应力筋下料;箱梁采用洒水覆盖养生;箱梁混凝土强度达到规定要求后,进行孔道清理、预应力张拉压浆,当灰浆从预应力孔道另一端流出后立即终止。箱梁现浇施工正值夏季高温,为避免箱梁出现构造裂缝,保证箱梁质量,施工单位提出了以下三条措施:
(1)选用优质的水泥和集料。
(2)合理设计混凝土配合比,水灰比不宜过大。
(3)严格控制混凝土搅拌时间和振捣时间。
[问题]

上述施工预拱度设置考虑的因素是否完善请说明理由。支架预压对预拱度设置有何作用