问题 单项选择题


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by ,5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One

In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic (运动的) molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.
A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists’ predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.
Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science anymore than a pile of bricks can be called a house. "
Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist’s thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.

In the third paragraph, bricks are mentioned to indicate how ______.

A.science is more than a collection of facts

B.scientific experiments have led to improved technology

C.building a house is like performing experiments

D.mathematicians approach science

答案

参考答案:A

解析: 本题是推理题。文中第三段说Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments,然后引用数学家Jules Henri Poincare的话来阐述这个观点,科学除了收集事实资料,还需要想象和创造性思维。所以A选项是正确答案。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面问题。(选做题)

给蚂蚁打伞

  (1)那是个闷热的傍晚,天阴着,没有风,知了的叫声此起彼伏。他站在一株枝繁叶茂的泡桐树下,心里面像有一堆蚂蚁在没头绪地四处爬行,抓不到,撵不走,躁得不得了。

  (2)他是进城务工的农民。这一点,从他的衣着打扮就可以判断出来。他在等一个孩子。

  (3)当然,那不是他的孩子,他的孩子在两千里之外的乡下,每年春节才能和他见一面。他真疼那个虎头虎脑的小子,他自己的人生从来没有规划过,但儿子一出生,他的心里就有了一幅宏伟的蓝图,他要让他读书,上大学,做个风刮不着雨淋不着的城里人。只要想起这幅蓝图,即便身子累散了架,他都能在梦里笑出声。

  (4)他经常梦到儿子。那个夏天,梦到的次数尤其多。

  (5)他实在是太想儿子了,便到离工地不远的这个小区看孩子们玩耍。小区绿化得不错,有一片宽阔的休闲区,休闲区里植满泡桐和月季,还有一座滑梯和两架秋千。放学之后,这里就成了孩子们小小的游乐场。那里边还真有个男孩跟他的儿子长得很像。后来他得知这个孩子名叫童童。

  (6)他很想跟童童说话,很想牵着他的小手走一走,他甚至还专门给童童买了一块巧克力,但一直没有机会送给他,他怕被接送童童的老太太看见。

  (7)这一天,这个闷热的傍晚,他的机会终于来了。

  (8)还是在滑梯旁,童童还是赖着不走。老太太像往常一样嫌童童淘气,只是,说话间,哈欠连天,她说:“我回家睡一会儿,不许跑远啊!”童童听话地点头,老太太走了。临走前,拜托一个大点的孩子照顾童童,还将一把雨伞放在了滑梯旁边,叮嘱童童下雨了就打着伞回家。

  (9)他在泡桐树后面听得清清楚楚。过了几分钟,抬头再看,那老太太的脑袋果然没有像往常一样出现在阳台上。他的心里一阵欢喜。然而,当他走到滑梯旁,那个大点的孩子一直用警惕的眼光打量他,打量得他心里直发毛。

  (10)他想了几分钟,决定去再买一块巧克力来收买这个大点的孩子。不远处就有家小商店,他撒腿就向小商店跑去。

  (11)就在那几分钟之内,风来了,雨也来了。一切都来得太突然。他从小商店里出来时,雨点越来越密。他心里好失落,这么大的雨,孩子们肯定早跑回家了。

  (12)童童居然没有走,一个人站在雨里,好似在等着他。真是天赐的机会。他摸一摸口袋里的巧克力,大步流星走过去。

  (13)他唤了一声童童,因为激动,声音竟有些颤抖。童童将肩上的伞柄往后托了托,扑闪着又黑又亮的大眼睛,看着面前的陌生人,没有应声,而是很机灵地问了一句,你怎么知道我的名字?

  (14)他慌忙讨好地裂开嘴笑,说:“我是你爸爸的朋友,我当然知道你叫童童。”

  (15)毕竟是个孩子,这样一说,他便信了。只见他伸长了小胳膊,将伞举过头顶,甜甜地说:“叔叔,你来,我这里有伞。”

   (16)他蹲下身,握住伞柄。忽然又听童童说:“叔叔,小心,不要踩到小蚂蚁,它们正在搬家,我在给它们打伞。”他这才发现,童童的伞下面有不少蚂蚁,雨来得突然,那些黑色的小精灵正惊慌失措地四处逃窜。

  (17)他问道:“为什么要给蚂蚁打伞?”

  (18)童童回答说:“因为,老师说它们很善良,很勤劳,很辛苦,所以我要保护它们啊。”

   ……

  (19)是一场阵雨,不过20分钟,雨点便稀稀落落了。在这20分钟里,他和这个叫童童的孩子分吃了两块巧克力。他问:“童童,你不嫌叔叔脏?”童童很干脆地说:“叔叔不脏,叔叔愿意给蚂蚁打伞,叔叔是好人。”

  (20)在这座陌生的城市,从来没有人给过他如此真诚温暖的夸奖。他使劲仰起头,不让泪水落下来。

  (21)就在这时,他听见有人唤童童的名字。循着声音,他看见一个体态略显臃肿的男人。他认识那个男人。男人看见他,一愣。

  (22)还不等两个相识的大人答话,童童便拉住爸爸的手,让他蹲下身,指着脚下那一方没被淋湿的空地说:“爸爸,你看,小蚂蚁又开始劳动了,它们是勤劳善良的好动物对不对?刚才下雨时,我和叔叔一直在给他们打伞呢。”

  (23)男人低着头,看着地上忙忙碌碌的小蚂蚁,良久没说话。

  (24)男人越不说话,他便越局促不安,觉得自己不应该出现在这里。终于,他嗫嚅道:“刘经理,我正好路过,我……”

  (25)男人没让他说下去,他拍了拍他的肩膀,说:“走,去拿工钱。”

  (26)他是全工地第一个拿到钱的民工。他千恩万谢,一出门,眼泪就落了满脸,为儿子有了救命钱,也为自己躲过了一场劫难。

  (27)是的,他那个生龙活虎的儿子不久前出了车祸,生命无大碍,但肇事司机逃逸,他不得不缴纳昂贵的住院费。可是工钱一直拖着,任凭他磨破了舌头,也讨不回半分,要不是被逼急了,他那样的老实人断然不会决定铤而走险——去绑架建筑公司经理的儿子。

1.下列对文章的理解,不正确的两项是(     )

A.文中两次提到“闷热的傍晚”,为下文农民工成功讨回工钱作了一个铺垫。

B.第三段描写突出了农民工对自己孩子的深厚感情,为下文农民工的所做所为作了合理化铺垫。

C.从“在这座陌生的城市,从来没有人给过他如此真诚温暖的夸奖”这句话中,我们可以看出,农民工这个群体缺少社会关爱,我们应该给予他们更多的关怀。

D.本文的主要情节都是围绕“童童”这一人物展开的,这个可爱的小孩在推动情节发展方面起到了重要作用。

E.本文情节丰富,顺叙的记叙方法使文章顺畅自然,在从容淡定的叙述中,表达了一位父亲对孩子的深沉的爱。

2.文中多次提到“蚂蚁”,请分析其作用。

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3.有人认为文章的最后一段是画蛇添足,应该删掉。请就这一问题谈谈你的看法。

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计算题