问题 单项选择题

Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1) only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even (2) . You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3) the truth of this.

Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite (4) .

(5) , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6) .

It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7) for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it (8) .

Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9) forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and (10) to everyone.

This may be so. (11) a British cannot have much (12) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (13) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate — or as inaccurate — as the weathermen in his (14) .

Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15) weather that the British (16) to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (17) by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it” “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you” Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is (18) .pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is at a loss to know (19) to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20) an answer from even the most reserved of the British.

13()

A.since

B.once

C.when

D.while

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

逻辑衔接题。前面谈到,预报员在承诺了第二天的好天气之后,坏天气的出现又证明了他们是错的。按照这样的逻辑关系,proved wrong和“出现rainy weather”之间应由when来衔接,故本题选[C]。[A] since意为“既然”或者“自…以来”,放在此理解不通;[B]once“一旦”,与前面的often不搭配;[D]while“当…时候”,强调两种可持续的动作的同时发生,用在此处不恰当。

综合题

阅读下列材料,结合所学知识回答问题。(10分)

材料一  1898年戊戌维新期间,清政府正式下令各省督抚选派学生赴日留学……至1899年,中国留日学生已有100多人。1901年中国留日学生人数又增加到280余名,1902年为500多人,1903年1300多人,1904年达2400多人。1905年至1906年,中国人留学日本达到高潮。由于清政府废除科举制度和日本在日俄战争中获胜等因素影响,留日学生人数猛增到8000多人。

与19世纪清政府派往欧美的留学生大多学习理工和海军不同,20世纪初中国留日学生学习的专业非常广泛,从政法、文史、外语、师范、到理工、农医、军事、商业以至音乐、美术、体育,应有尽有,其中以学政法和陆军为最多。

——摘自王晓秋《清末为何出现留日热潮》

材料二 从1950年到1966年,中国先后向苏联和东欧社会主义国家,派遣了万余名留学生,其中向苏联共派出了8310人,占派出总数的78%。

中国向苏联派出的留学生,大多属于工程技术领域的,苏联的高等院校、企业、设计院和科研机构,为中国培养了很多的技术干部和熟练的技术工人。根据苏联方面的统计,1951年到1962年有8000多名中国人,在苏联学习生产技术,有11000多名的中国大学生和研究生,在苏联的学校学习……此外,通过科技合作系统,1500名中国工程师、技术人员和学者,去苏联了解科学技术的成就和生产经验。

——摘自《中国向苏联大量派遣留学生》

(1)根据材料一、二,概括晚清及新中国初期留学特点的不同。(4分)

(2)根据材料并结合所学知识,分析出现两个时期不同留学特点的主要原因。(6分)

单项选择题