问题 单项选择题

Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1) only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even (2) . You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3) the truth of this.

Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite (4) .

(5) , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6) .

It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7) for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it (8) .

Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9) forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and (10) to everyone.

This may be so. (11) a British cannot have much (12) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (13) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate — or as inaccurate — as the weathermen in his (14) .

Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15) weather that the British (16) to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (17) by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it” “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you” Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is (18) .pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is at a loss to know (19) to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20) an answer from even the most reserved of the British.

3()

A.experience

B.witness

C.watch

D.undergo

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

惯用衔接题。四个选项中能和truth搭配的只有[B]witness“目睹”,排除[A]experience“经历”, [C]watch“观看”,[D]undergo“忍受,经受”。这句话的意思是说你要在某个早展或晚上搭车去证实一下这个事实。

解答题
阅读理解与欣赏

阅读理解。

多吃菜少吃饭的误区

①随着生活水平的日益提高,如今的饭桌上,经常会听到“多吃点菜,少吃点饭”的话。不少人觉得,饭只是用来填饱肚子,提供能量的,而每天饮食的营养都是从菜中摄取的。其实这种饮食习惯对健康并没有好处,恰恰相反,还会有损健康。

  ②多吃菜少吃饭主要是医生对糖尿病患者建议的饮食方式。米饭以及面食的主要成分是碳水化合物,摄入人体后容易被肠道吸收转化为葡萄糖进入血液,但是由于糖尿病患者胰岛功能减退或丧失,这些葡萄糖无法被分解利用,导致血糖升高,危害糖尿病患者的身体健康。所以糖尿病患者要控制主食的摄入,但是为了不挨饿,医生建议糖尿病患者可以多摄入清淡的蔬菜,以达到果腹的目的。

  ③随着人们健康意识的提高,多吃菜少吃饭的饮食理念慢慢被大众接受,但却衍化出两种极端,一是只吃菜,不吃饭;二是吃了油腻饮食后不吃饭。

  ④只吃菜不吃饭在爱美人士中是最常见的,目的是为了减肥瘦身。很多美女经常为了减肥做出一些疯狂的举动,一个星期强忍着不吃主食,每天就靠水果充饥,或者清汤寡水煮点蔬菜,搁点盐,填饱肚子,最后饿到无法忍受,一顿饭把饿掉的能量全补回来。

  ⑤吃了油腻饮食后不吃饭在男性中最常见。不管是饭局,还是聚餐,男人凑到一起,除了酒,就是各种辛辣刺激和油腻的食物,否则吃起来都觉得口淡。这种饮食习惯几乎称得上是大鱼大肉且大油,吃到最后,连胃都吃腻了,主食自然也就无关紧要了。长期这么吃下去必然会导致高血脂,还会出现啤酒肚。

  ⑥这两种吃法都是对多吃菜少吃饭的误解。人每天所需的能量有50%~60%来源于碳水化合物。米饭和面食的主要成分是碳水化合物,作为人每天的主食,它们所提供的能量是人体新陈代谢所需动能的主要来源。如果放弃主食只吃菜,诚然也能提供人体一部分能量,但结果要么像第一种吃法,能量不足,肠胃都饿坏了;要么就像第二种,营养过剩,转化为脂肪贮存或是进入血液,危害心血管系统。

  ⑦健康的饮食习惯还是主食副食合理搭配,在保证每天足量主食的情况下,多吃蔬菜,吃适量的肉类以及豆类。当然,你也可以多吃菜少吃饭,但菜不要太油腻,饭也不能不吃饱。此外,应根据每个人不同年龄和身体需要合理地安排饮食,如青少年正处在长身体和骨骼阶段,活动量也大,除摄取足量的碳水化合物外,还要辅以含钙质、糖分的食物;老年人则可以多吃些含维生素、低糖的食物。现在肠胃病患者比过去有所增加,特别是青少年的患病率趋向低龄化,这跟许多独生子女在家受宠盲目地“瞎吃”有关。少吃饭多吃菜这种不健康的饮食观念应当及时地纠正过来。

⑧饮食习惯的隐忧在于饮食严重失去平衡,以致造成各种文明病产生。公众应改变错误的饮食习惯,把握科学的饮食观念,即多样选择,节制油、糖、盐,另外,要记得适当分配及弹性调整的原则。食物应以五谷根茎类作为饮食金字塔的主要基础,例如萝卜熬汤代替排骨汤,平常先吃蔬菜及五谷杂粮类,即可减少不必要的热量摄入。

小题1:题目“多吃菜少吃饭的误区”中的“误区”具体内容是什么?(2分)

小题2:按要求完成下列各题(4分)

①“很多美女经常为了减肥做出一些疯狂的举动。”句中划线词的具体含义什么?

②“这种饮食习惯几乎称得上是大鱼大肉且大油,吃到最后,连胃都吃腻了,主食自然也就无关紧要了。”句中划线的词能否去掉?为什么?

小题3:选文第7段文字主要用了哪种说明方法?有什么作用?(3分)

小题4:“多吃菜少吃饭”会带来哪些危害?据此,请你结合文意,就“多吃菜少吃饭”这一误区提几点合理性的建议。(5分)