问题 问答题 论述题

现实美创造的基本原则是什么?怎样把握“合目的性平衡律”与“合规律性协调律”?

答案

参考答案:

⑴在人与自然的关系中,人也在自然中选择对象、发现对象,把自己全部生命的本质力量灌注进去,使对象活起来,成为自己的自我实现和自我创造,这时就产生了“对象化”。“对象化”是人“化”到对象中去然后再从对象中表现出来,使对象成为自己的“作品”。例:人和物,物就是人的情感的对象化。

⑵人作为自然存在物,他的的本质力量首先是他的自然力和生命力,是他的自然禀赋和能力,是他的情欲和需要。其次,人之所以为人,主要还在于具有强烈的自我意识和精神力量。如,思维力量、意志力量和情感力量。因此,人除了有自然的本质力量外,更是具有精神的本质力量。

⑶美是人的本力量的对象化,就是说,人在审美活动中把自己的本质力量全面地在对象世界中展现出来。

⑷当一个人的本质力量得到了完美的表现,实现了自己的目的和愿望,达到了自己的要求,于是就感满足、幸福、愉快,感到自己与现实的关系是和谐自由的,这时,就产生了美。

实验题
单项选择题

Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals (1) they, too, relied’upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans (2) a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating (3) of a disease or (4) the condition of a wound. (5) there was so much that primitive humans did not (6) the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component ofthe beliefs about the causes and cures of heath (7) Therefore it is not (8) that early humans thought that illness was caused (9) evil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to (10) harmful spirit from a diseased body.

One of the. earliest (11) in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought and (12) of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. The writing (13) to him has provided a number of principles underiying modern medical practice. One of his most famous (14) , the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.

Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from a (15) of the natural science and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this (16) thesis, On Air, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being is (17) by the totality of environmental (18) : living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. (19) enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are (20) very much written in twentieth century.

14()

A.attractions

B.subscriptions

C.contributions

D.functions