问题 问答题 简答题

何谓固定化酶?经过固定化以后,酶的特性有哪些改变?

答案

参考答案:

固定化酶:固定在载体上,并在一定空间范围内进行催化反应的酶称为固定化酶。改变有:稳定性:固相酶的稳定性比游离酶高,

主要表现在:(1)热稳定性:固定化酶热稳定性较之天然酶提高。(2)对蛋白酶水解作用稳定性:固相酶比天然酶有更强的抵抗蛋白酶水解作用的能力。(3)对变性试剂作用的稳定性:固相酶对各种蛋白变性剂的稳定性,一般都比天然酶强。(4)保藏稳定性:固相酶比天然酶保存的时间更长。

最适温度:(1)固相酶的最适温度一般比天然酶高,个别会有所降低(2)同种酶,采用不同的方法或不同载体固定化后,其最适温度可能不同

最适pH:酶经固定化后,其作用的最适pH常会发生偏移影响固定化酶最适PH的因素主要有两个。(1)载体性质对最适pH影响:用带负电荷载体制备的固定化酶,最适pH比游离酶最适pH高。用带正电荷载体制备的固定化酶,最适pH比游离酶最适pH低。用不带电荷载体制备的固定化酶,最适pH一般不改变。(2)产物性质对最适pH影响;若酶催化反应产物为酸性时,固定化酶最适pH比游离酶的最适pH要高。若酶催化反应产物为碱性时,固定化酶最适pH比游离酶的最适PH要低。若酶催化反应产物为中性时,固定化酶最适pH不变。

底物特异性:固定化酶底物特异性与游离酶相比,有一定变化,一般为:作用于小分子底物的酶类经固定化后,专一性基本不变。而既可作用大分子也可作用小分子底物的酶类经固定化后专一性会发生变化。

多项选择题
单项选择题

A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is (1) and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is (2) listening behavior. As a(an) (3) in point, one parent believed that her daughter had a severe (4) problem. She was so (5) that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent:"There’s nothing wrong with her hearing. She’s just (6) you out. "

A leading cause of the (7) divorce rate (more than half of all marriages end in divorce) is the failure of husbands and wives to (8) effectively. They don’t listen to each other. Neither person (9) to the actual message sent by the other.

In (10) fashion, political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that their elected and (11) officials are out of (12) with the constituents they are supposedly (13) Why Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In fact, it seems that sometimes our politicians don’t even listen to themselves. The following is a true story: At a national (14) conference held in Albuquerque some years ago, then Senator Joseph Montoya was (15) a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to (16) a speech. When he rose to speak, (17) the horror of the press aide and the (18) of his audience, Montoya began reading the press release, not his speech. He began, "For immediate release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya, Democrat of New Mexico, last night told the National... " Montoya read the entire six page release, (19) with the statement that he "was repeatedly (20) by applause.

19()

A.conclude

B.to conclude

C.concluding

D.concluded