Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally (1) by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other (2) situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has (3) in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial (4) ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.
(5) , the standard variety of English is based on the London (6) of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one (7) by the educated, and it was developed and promoted (8) a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the (9) that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, (10) English is arranged to the extent that tile grammar and vocabulary of English are (11) the same everywhere in the world where English is used; (12) among local standards is really quite minor, (13) the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very (14) different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are (15) .Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (16) on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have (17) much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be (18) . This latter situation is not unique (19) English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are (20) .But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational ones.
18（）
A.abandoned
B.changed
C.standardized
D.reformed
参考答案：C
解析：
此题属于语意搭配题。standardize表示“标准化”。根据上下文意思可知：那些使用很久的方言(有特点的地方性语言)失去了活力，并面临着被标准化的压力，故选项[C] standardized正确。选项[A]abandoned表示“被遗弃，放弃”，例如：The village had already been abandoned．又如：abandon one’s attempt to do(放弃)；选项[B]changed(改变)和选项[D]reformed(变革)，都含有变化之意，用在此处不够准确。
全句可译为：事实上，标准英语的势力非常强大。它对于英语的所有地方变体都有着巨大的影响，以至于英格兰一些形成已久的方言也丧失了活力并且面临着被标准化的巨大压力。