When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often: It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.

People who are nearsighted（近视的） can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.

People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book if they don't hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.

Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.

When night falls, colors become fainter（更模糊） to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it anymore, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive (敏感的) in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark,

小题1:According to the passage, a _______ is more likely to be nearsighted.

A．guard

B．doctor

C．writer

D．painter小题2:People who are farsighted _______.

A．cannot do a lot of close work without glasses

B．can only see things that are very close to their eyes

C．have the same problem as the nearsighted people

D．have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm's length小题3:To see a small thing at night, we need to look _______.

A．with wide open eyes

B．with half shut eyes

C．straight at it

D．in a slightly different direction

阅读理解

     Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cat are worried that they will fight.A recent research has found a new recipe for

success.According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still

young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along

swimmingly.Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.

However, it wasn't all sweetness and light.There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.One reason for this is

probably that some of their body signals are just opposite.For example, when a cat turns its head away it

signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.

     In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully,  researchers observed a surprising behavior.They are

learning how to talk in each other's language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk 'Dog', and dogs can learn how to talk 'Cat'.

     What's interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence.They can learn to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously

suspected.Once familiar with each other's presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together,

greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.They can easily share the same

water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.

     The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don't get along,

including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers.If cats and dogs can learn to get

along, surely people have a good chance.

1. The underlined word "swimmingly" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. early                                                                              

B. sweetly                                                                            

C. quickly                                                                            

D. smoothly                                                                          

2. Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.                                        

A. they are cold to each other                                                        

B. they look away from each other                                                    

C. they misunderstand each other's signals                                            

D. they are introduced at an early age                                                

3. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?                                      

A. They eat and sleep together.                                                      

B. They observe each other's behaviors.                                              

C. They learn to speak each other's language.                                        

D. They know something from each other's voices.                                      

4. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.                        

A. have common interests                                                              

B. are less different than was thought                                                

C. have a common body language                                                        

D. are less intelligent than was expected