问题 填空题

(5分)2009年12月7日192个国家在丹麦首都哥本哈根举行为期两周的气候变化会议,要求发达国家和发展中国家都要推行一种低能耗和高效能、以较少的温室气体排放(节能减排)获得较大产出的新低碳经济发展模式,请问:

(1)近年来大气中二氧化碳含量不断上升的主要原因是                          

(2)科学家正在研究将二氧化碳加氢转化成甲烷、甲醇(CH3OH)、甲酸(HCOOH)等化工原料,这些化工原料属于           (填“无机化合物”或“有机化合物”)。

(3)科学家经过研究,发现二氧化碳在一定条件下可转化为乙烯(是生产塑料的原料),其化学方程式为:2CO2+6H2=乙烯+4H2O,则乙烯的化学式是                        

(4)下列做法中不符合“低碳经济”理念的是(填序号)            

①改造或淘汰高能耗、高污染产业;   ②大力发展火力发电;  ③研制和开发新能源替代传统能源;④优化建筑设计,增强室内自然采光,减少照明用电。

(5)请你另举一例在日常生活中你能做到符合“节能减排”的做法                 

答案

(1)化石燃料的燃烧大量增加。 (2)有机化合物  (3) C2H4; (4) ② ;

(5)随手关灯(或步行代替乘车等)。

题目分析:1、导致空气CO2的含量显著增加的原因主要有两个方面,一是产生的二氧化碳多了,原因是化石燃料的大量使用造成的;二是环境吸收的二氧化碳少了,主要是森林被破坏造成的。

2、有机化合物是指含碳的化合物(碳的氧化物、碳酸、碳酸盐除外),甲烷、甲醇(CH3OH)、甲酸(HCOOH)等符合有机化合物的定义,是有机物。

3、根据质量守恒定律,反应前后原子的种类和数目不变,乙烯分子中应含有两个碳原子和四个氢原子,故化学式为C2H4

4、所谓“低碳经济”理念是指减少污染物的排放,减少能源消耗的经济发展方式。①改造或淘汰高能耗、高污染产业符合要求;②大力发展火力发电,会大量使用化石燃料,会产生空气污染物,不符合要求;③研制和开发新能源替代传统能源,能减少空气污染物的排放,符合要求;④优化建筑设计,增强室内自然采光,减少照明用电,能间接减少化石能源的使用,可以减少空气污染物的排放,符合要求;

5、“节能减排”从我做起,如随手关灯、纸双面用、步行或骑自行车出行等。

点评:本题知识面涉及较广,思维跨度大,要求有学生整合知识的能力,难度较大。

完形填空

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Today’s children are not satisfied with playing simple games with simple toys.   71   The electronic models are marketed. They can move and communicate. Children need toys that fit well into their renewed idea of playing pleasure.

72   These toys are among the top ten “must haves” for every boy and girl. Their sales largely depend on the rapidly changing toy trade. Besides, the demand by parents and children for more advanced features can make a robot toy sell well.

There are different types of robot toys in the market today.   73   However, video games are not considered as robot toys. While video games are just electronic role-playing mind games, robot toys are highly dependent on the interaction(互动) between the toy and the user. In a video game, the player has a specific goal or task that must be accomplished. The robot toy is a simulation(模仿) of an animal or human.

There are a number of different types of robot toys in the world market today. They are all very costly. There are high-tech robot toy pets that have life-like actions and movements.   74    Not only children but even adults like robot toys and are now spending a lot of money on them in the market.

Robot toys are great educational toys that interact with and within their environment.   75   The robot toys have sensors that enable them to see, hear and feel, making them the ideal companions. And many robot toys are also designed to express emotions,

A.In fact, their demand today has changed.

B.Robot toys are popular with adults as well as children.

C. A robot toy is an electronic toy that is the gift of modern technology.

D.Video games are common in the world of games for children.E. The toys enable the user to experiment and increase creativity.

F. Some of the robot toy pets can actually fetch and carry.

G. Now robot toys are playing an important part in the growth of children.

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