问题 问答题 简答题

请简述精馏塔操作压力的确定原则有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

任何一个精馏塔都是依据在一恒定的操作压力下的气、液平衡数据进行设计、计算和操作的。对于一些沸点高、高温时性质不稳定、易分解、聚合、结焦的物料或在常压下相对挥发度较小、有剧毒的物料则常常采用减压精馏。由于减压操作降低了物料沸腾温度,可避免物料在高温时热分解、聚合、结焦等可能性,且减少了有毒物料的泄漏、污染等情况。如果被分离的混合物在常温常压下是气体或沸点较低,则可以采用加压蒸馏的方法。塔压的选择还应考虑传热设备的造价、塔的耐压性能、操作费用等综合经济效果。当原料液常压下是液体时,则一般尽可能地采用常压操作,这样对设备的要求简单,附属设备也少。

单项选择题 A2型题
阅读理解

After the examination, the doctor told my parents my sight would get worse and that I would lose my sight finally. On the way home from hospital, no one said a word. One day, would I only imagine the scenery beyond the glass rather than see it?

That September, I entered middle school. Most nights I had homework that included an armful of books to read. To keep up with other children, I took great trouble to finish the task. With my nose a couple of inches from the page, I was tired easily. What’s worse, after I had read several pages on my own, the words slipped off the page into inky pools.

However, then I did not have audio books and electronic devices like kids do now. Instead, Mom volunteered to read out loud. Mom worked part-time, cleaned the house, cooked and spent time with Grandma. In spite of being so busy, she showed up in my room like clockwork. She put on her reading glasses. Mom always thought those glasses made her look old. To me, she looked like a teacher.

In my room, Mom’s voice competed with the ticking of the clock. Being forced to focus on listening, I found a way to keep my marks up and compete with the other kids. When the teacher asked a question, I raised my hand with confidence. Teachers praised me for having a good memory. Reading removed my fear for my failing sight, reading also made me curious about other people’s challenges and how they managed. Though I could not use my eyes to fix on each passage, my mind lit up with every new book.

True to what the doctor said, the worst came, but thanks to Mom, my sense of hearing now allows me to “see”. This was the most precious (珍贵的) gift from a mother to her child.

小题1:Why did the author and his parents keep silent on their way back home from hospital?

A.They all wanted to have a good rest.

B.The author didn’t do well in the exam.

C.What the doctor said made them worried.

D.They focused on the scenery along the road小题2:How did the author manage to get high marks?

A.By being confident

B.By listening carefully.

C.By getting help from his classmates.

D.By reading as many books as possible.小题3:We can learn from the text that    .

A.the author’s sight recovered finally

B.reading made the author more sensitive

C.the author’s mother didn’t work to look after him

D.reading made the author not worry about his sight小题4:Which of the following could be the title of the text?

A.My eyesight trouble

B.An unforgettable experience

C.With ears wide open

D.About Mother’s love