问题 问答题 简答题

三级课程管理的职责各是什么?

答案

参考答案:

国家课程管理的主要具体职责有以下几个方面。

①宏观指导我国基础教育课程改革,并具体制定相应的课程政策和国家基础教育课程计划框架;

②组织制定或修订、审定我国基础教育各个段的课程计划。包括统一规定国家课程在各个教育阶段的中观课程结构,如学习领域科目数,总课时、周课时及课程分配结构,严格控制学生在校学习时间和基本学业负担;

③颁布国家课程标准,确保统一的基本学业要求,规定国家基本教育质量要求;

④制定国家课程实施过程的指导性意见,引导地方和学校根据实际情况创造性地实施国家课程计划;

⑤确定基础教育课程的评价制度,确保国家基础教育课程在各个阶段的目标得到有效的落实;

⑥制定三级课程管理政策,颁布地方、学校课程管理指南,为地方课程和校本课程的开发以及地方一级和学校一级地基础教育课程管理提供基本的规范;

⑦制定教科书或教材开发管理的政策,定期向学校和社会公布经过审定的中小学教材目录和教材使用情况评估报告;

⑧监控国家基础教育课程整体运行质量,对中小学教学、评价与考试、课程资源开发与利用等情况定期进行抽查和跟踪研究,并提出评估报告。

地方一级课程管理的职责:是地方管理教育行政部门。它们在课程方面的主要权利和责任是,贯彻执行国家课程计划和课程标准,按照地方的实际情况与发展需要,为落实国家课程标准制定具体方案,开发地方课程,指导学校合理地实施地方制定的课程计划。

①省(自治区、直辖市)一级教育行政部门按照国家课程计划的要求,制定本地实施的各个教育阶段的课程计划,并报教育部基础教育司备案。同时,制定课程计划实施方案;

②责对全省(自治区、直辖市)中小学教学、评价与考试、课程资源开发与利用情况进行监控,组织研究机构通过抽样调查、跟踪研究等方式对中小学课程运行质量做出评估,及时发现、反映和解决基础教育课程改革的问题;

③依据教育部颁发的地方课程管理指南,组织专家或与专家合作开发地方课程,并制定学校实施地方课程的指导性意见;

④通过下属各级教育行政部门,负责监督与评估当地学校执行国家课程计划的状况,确保各个阶段的课程计划得到全面有效落实;

⑤通过下属各级教育行政部门要在规定的时间内审议各中小学上报的校本课程开发方案,以及校本课程的合理开发;

⑥县一级教育行政部门要在规定的时间内审议各中小学上报的校本课程开发方案,并反馈审议意见。

学校课程管理的职责:

①根据教育部和本省(自治区、直辖市)课程计划的有关规定,从当地社区和学校自身的实际出发,制定学校学年课程实施方案,报县一级教育行政部门备案;

②依据教育部颁布的学校课程管理指南,结合本校传统和优势,独立自主或与校外有关机构或人士合作开发校本课程,提供给学生选择。校本课程开发方案必须在规定时间内报县一级教育行政部门审议;

③选用经国家一级审定或省一级审查获得通过的教材。教材选用应体现民主原则,应该有教师、学生代表参加,并通过多种途径听取学生家长的意见;

④反映国家和地方课程计划在实施中所遇到的问题,建立校本课程的内部评价机制,以保证校本课程与国家课程、地方课程在总体目标上的一致性和互补性;

⑤根据上级教育行政部门的规定,结合本校的实际情况,对学校所有课程实施管理。特别是对于教学、评价与考试、课程资源开发与利用等方面要进行自我监控,确保学校基本办学质量的稳定和提高。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     What do you know about the music called "the blues"? Do you think it is the same things as jazz? Well, in

some ways the two types of music are related, but the blues has its own history and development that is quite

different from that of jazz.

     The beginnings of the blues date back to the nineteenth century. After the Civil War, when the slaves were

free in the South, life was hard. As African Americans came together and formed their own communities, the

blues began to develop out of some of their earlier music. Songs usually expressed the feelings of their

composers (作曲家) and many were about the difficult times.

     Some people say Mississippi was the birthplace of the blues, but early blues singers were also found in

Texas, Alabama, and several other Southern states. As time passed, the blues moved north. Chicago became

an important blues center.

     What does the blues sound like? Stringed instruments, especially the guitar, are important in blues playing.

A piano is also often used. Piano players frequently get the sound they want by"crushing(挤压)" the keys, or

playing two notes not quite at the same time. Many blues songs are built around three grouped lines. The first

two lines are repeated, and then the third line is a sort of comment.

     Who were some legendary blues figures? Bessie Smith was an early female singer; Robert Johnson became

famous for his special way of playing music. Later blues greats, such as Muddy Waters, had a direct influence

on such groups as the Rolling Stones-in fact, until his death the Stones visited Muddy Waters whenever they

played in Chicago.

1. What did the blues develop from?

A. The Civil War.

B. Slaves' life.

C. African American music.

D. Composers' feelings.

2. Which place is a center for the blues?

A. Mississippi.

B. Texas. C. Alabama.

D. Chicago.

3. The underlined word "legendary" in the last paragraph probably means ______.

A. untrue

B. very famous

C. very loud

D. large

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The birthplace of the blues.

B. The development of the blues.

C. How the blues and jazz are similar.

D. Robert Johnson and Muddy Waters.

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