简述社会指标的含义及其特点。
参考答案：
㈠含义
是指反映一定社会过程之数量与质量特征的工具。便于人们对社会主要方面的状况做出简明的、综合的和公平的判断。
㈡特点
1.具体性：在再现社会现象、社会规律时，必须十分明确的落到实处。
2.定量性：将复杂的社会现象变成可以度量的数据。
3.易于解释性：反映社会现象时，注重于解释和说明，让人一目了然。
4.时间性：社会指标所提供的数据只是反映特定时期，甚至是某个时间的情况。
5.综合性：社会指标一般是反映社会的或社会某一方面的总体特征，而非个体特征。
6.理论与实际的结合性。一方面，社会指标往往是人们根据某种理论设计出来，另一方面，又是对社会现象的最直接的反映。
Andy went home from school by bus one day. When an old woman carrying a basket full of apples got onto the bus, Andy his seat. The old woman her thanks to him and before she got off, she three big apples and said, "I want to give you these three apples. Tell one apple your wish, eat it and then wait and see." The next day Andy went to a park with the apples. "I wish to be tall and strong." Andy said when he saw boys playing baseball there. He ate the first apple and grew into a very tall boy. But all the boys ran away with when they saw this. Andy was sad. He took out another apple and said, “I wish to be famous so as to have lots of friends.” With these words, he ate the second apple. But when hundreds of reporters tried to interview him, he had to hide himself to them. Andy’s third wish was to be one of the richest men in the world. But when his wish came true, he found himself still . One night Andy the old lady again in the street. She saw he was not in high spirits and asked him what he really wanted to be. "I just want to be !" Andy said. Suddenly he was at the again. One of the boys came up and said to him, "Come on and play with us!"
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