问题 问答题 简答题

简述免疫学研究的主要进展。

答案

参考答案:

(1)将天然免疫和获得性免疫二者浑然一体,提出了组成性免疫系统的新概念,有利于对免疫本质的认识。

(2)阐明了性传播疾病与生殖道免疫力的关系及避孕疫苗的研究方面提出精子抗原和透明带抗原可作疫苗的候选者。

(3)研究发现自身肽——MHC分子在胸腺可阳性选择出多种T细胞克隆,表达各种TCR特异性,识别多种抗原。

(4)抗原的处理运送提呈方面研究发现抗原进入机体,经蛋白酶裂解成内源肽,在伴侣分子的作用下,以最适宜的浓度提呈细胞如树突状细胞的内质网及高尔基体上的MHCⅠ类分子凹槽相结合形成复合物提呈到APC的膜表面,以备通过TCR的识别,活化适宜的TH细胞。

(5)肿瘤特异性共有抗原的发现及树突状细胞能高效提呈抗原的认识,为预防性治疗肿瘤多肽瘤苗的研究提供了依据。

(6)对树突状细胞的进一步认识,有助于通用肿瘤疫苗的研制及其它各种疫苗的研究。

(7)进一步阐明辅助T细胞极化机理。

(8)研制成功了转基因植物疫苗和基因疫苗,标志着新型疫苗的出现。

(9)发现人类白细胞分化抗原130种并用新的国际分类命名。

(10)阐述了细胞凋亡受体和配体的有关问题,并报道了细胞凋亡时,没有发现特征性的DNA断裂现象出现。

阅读理解

阅读短文,选择正确答案。

    This week, London will be full of celebrations to welcome the Year of the Rat. Every year, London 's

Chinatown holds the largest event outside of Asia to celebrate Chinese New Year.

    This year in the UK, there seems to be a huge number of interest in Chinese culture. For the third year

running,the "China in London" season is being held. It will run from February to April, when the Beijing

Olympic flame (奥运圣火) will pass through London. The "China in London" season will have a huge number

of events, from art shows to modern dances, film festivals to tea tastings.

    The main Chinese New Year celebration will be held on Sunday 10th February, and about 300,000 visitors are

expected to join in. Both traditional and modern Chinese arts will be shown by British-born and Chinese

performers (表演者). The main event of the day is the huge parade (游行) through the streets of London, led

by a traditional dragon dance, followed by musicians, artists and children. It wouldn't be Chinese New Year

without fireworks, so you will see fireworks all afternoon. Happy New Year to you! We hope you will enjoy

your celebrations as much as we will do in London.

1. The Chinese New Year celebration in London is _______. [ ]

A. held every year

B. the largest one in the world

C. held every three years

D. held for the Beijing Olympics

2. How long does the "China in London" season last? [ ]

A. For three years.

B. For one year.

C. For three months.

D. For one week.

3. Which event will be held in London's Chinatown on Sunday 10th February? [ ]

A. Coffee tastings.

B. A modern dragon dance.

C. A huge parade.

D. British art shows.

4. From the passage we can know that _______. [ ]

A. the "China in Iρndon" season is held for the first time

B. people in the UK are a bit interested in Chinese culture

C. the firework is the only symbol of the Chinese New Year

D. the writer will join in the celebrations in London

5. Which is the best title (标题) of the article? [ ]

A. Chinatown in London

B. Waiting for the Olympic Flame in London

C. Chinese Culture in London

D. Welcoming the Year of the Rat in London

单项选择题