问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一篇文章。

幸福一小时

奚同发

远远地站在那所大学门前,一直给工友神侃这是“我的大学”的杨小一心里怵怵的。舍不得花钱坐公交车的他,足足走了两个多小时才到。虽然前些日子落了场雪,路面打滑,嘴里哈着白腾腾的雾气,但他的全身都热呼呼的。

其实小一来这座城市主要是想看看自己当年最想上的大学是啥样子。那所大学是他几年来天南海北打工的精神支柱。

扛了三个月的水泥沙包,在工友们一再请求下,包工头给每人发了50元零用钱。小一用30元在街头三轮车上买到一件棉衣。那天下午,他休了半天工,要穿着新衣服去看“我的大学”。

那所大学太气派了!那高楼、那道路、那残存些许落雪的绿草坪、那些仍然苍翠的大树,都让小一充满自豪。我的娘啊,这就是“我的大学”!

“干什么的?说你呢!”

呵斥声把美滋滋算盘着回去如何向工友们炫耀的小一吓了一跳,离大门十来米远保安就冲他喊。还真负责,瞧,“我的大学”连门口保安都比别的地方负责。毕竟心里有点怵,他磨磨蹭蹭过去,掏出平时自己都不舍得吸的烟递过去,怯怯地说,想进校园看看。保安乜斜了一眼他手里的烟,并没有接,“哼”了一声,说:“不行,学校是能乱看的?”

说了许多好话,最后杨小一不得不郑重地表示:到这座城市打工就是为了能来看看“我的大学”。保安突然笑出一句:“你的大学?”

话说到这儿,小一的脸由红变成青紫。失望至极的他决然转身,仅仅走了两三步,寻思着,就这样走了?不行。再次面对学校,他发现学校西墙外是农田,突然喜上眉梢。

他要沿校园外墙走一圈。墙外的农田里有积雪,一踩两脚泥。他顾不得许多,仰着脖颈,脚尖点地行走,目光贪婪地尽可能伸向一人多高的围墙里面:高耸的教学楼、幽静的小树林……

树丛阻挡了视线,小一急匆匆往前小跑,突然发现了围墙上的一个缺口,想都没想,他就从那儿跳了进去。“咚”的一声,躺在地上的小一全身泥水,原来缺口里侧是一片低洼,一滑一摔,疼得他叫出了声。望一眼斜西的太阳,他咬着牙急急地爬起来,一瘸一拐地走向不远处的水泥大道。没想到,刚接近路边,正好有个保安迎上来问:你怎么回事?小一忙说,我跳墙进来,只想看看学校,没别的意思……

听他这么说,回过神儿的保安上去就扭住了他,一句也不听他解释。在保安室里,他那狼狈样显然被当成了贼,两手抱头蹲在墙角,裤带也被抽去。几人轮番审讯,说他如果再不老实就交给派出所。半个多小时也没审出什么,保安们对他放行了,并警告他不许再来,若再抓住,就怎么怎么样。

一名保安带他走向大门。此时的杨小一觉得很美气,心里暗暗地宣布:“我的大学”旅游正式开始。虽然受了罪,却能亲自走在校园里,幸福啊!望着学生们谈笑着从身边经过,他想,如果当年不是爹有病,家里没有钱,或许他就跟这些学生们一样。但此念头转瞬即逝,他如饥似渴地东张西望,教学楼、餐厅、实验楼、足球场、湖水……恨不得把这些都装进自己眼里。他很满足,“我的大学”比想象得还漂亮。

出门时,刚走过的笔直的大道上已不见了那个带他的保安的影子,门口还是原来的那个保安。他一眼就认出了小一,责问:你没登记怎么进去的?瞧你身上,咋回事?一看你就不是好人。门卫大声召唤同伴,杨小一又一次双手抱头蹲在保安室的墙角。

(选自《小小说选刊》2009年第5期,有改动)

小题1:请根据小说内容,谈一谈“小一的脸由红变成青紫”的原因。(4分)

答:                                                                      

小题2:请结合全文,简要分析杨小一这一人物形象的性格特点。(6分)

答:                                                                      

小题3:对于文中保安对待杨小一的态度和做法,人们有不同的观点,请说出你的看法和理由。(6分)

答:                                                                      

小题4:请结合小说内容,分析作者为什么以“幸福一小时”为题目。(6分)

答:                                                                      

答案

小题1:杨小一的脸发红是因为终于见到了“我的大学”的激动、兴奋,(1分)和想进去又有些顾虑的发怵、紧张、自卑、羞怯;(1分)“变成青紫”则是因为不能进入校园而着急、绝望,(1分)和自己的真情告白被保安蔑视、讥笑所造成的窘迫、羞辱和伤害。(1分)

小题1:①诚实、善良、安分守己、不善言辞,节俭、吃苦耐劳,为了低微的收入而四处奔波。

②长期贫苦的生活已使他对自己、对他人、对生活没有了太多、太高的要求,很容易满足。他想进入“我的大学”看一看的愿望是那么卑微而可怜,而实现的过程又是那么辛酸而艰难,可他却感到了无限的幸福。

③心态平和,不怨天尤人,不埋怨抱屈。对因贫困而失去考入“我的大学”的机会,他不抱怨悔恨;对保安的过分也没有怨言。

④委曲求全,不思抗争。在无力改变的现实面前,他只是选择默默忍让和承受,无论是命运的不公还是保安的歧视。(每个方面要点1分,分析2分,答对两个方面即可得满分6分。)

小题1:本题为开放式题目,学生可以有自己的观点,只要言之成理自圆其说皆可酌情得分。

参考观点:

①保安的态度和做法不对,太过分了。他们冷漠、生硬、粗暴、蛮横,居高临下、仗势欺人;缺乏同情心和人情味,没有热情、理解和人文关怀;以衣帽取人,歧视民工,等等。

②保安的态度和做法正确,无不当和过分之处。他们坚持原则,忠于职守,认真负责,不放过任何一个闲杂和可疑人员。

③保安的态度和做法不尽如人意,有些过分,但他们坚持原则,忠于职守,认真负责,还是可以肯定的。

小题1:提示:应从内容、结构和表达效果三方面考虑。

①就小说中的人物杨小一的感受来说,他终于实现了想看看自己当年最想上的大学的

愿望,感觉十分地满足和幸福。

②杨小一为了圆这一微不足道甚至可怜的梦付出了过多的热情和沉重得不成比例的

代价,经历了太多的波折和屈辱,可以说是“屈辱一小时”“痛苦一小时”,与杨

小一的感受形成巨大的反差和鲜明的对比。

③这种巨大的反差和鲜明的对比,可以给读者以强烈的心灵震撼,引起读者强烈的感情

共鸣,产生良好的艺术效果。(每点2分)

单项选择题

Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the science; Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goal. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of date, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power, nor is Picasso’s painting Guernica primarily a prepositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What ’highly creative activity produces is not a new generalization that ’transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, rather than transcend that form.

This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has no bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro(费加罗的婚礼) is surely among the masterpiece of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his composition reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits of the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach—in strikingly original ways.

The passage implies that an original contribution in science is one that()

A. is often quoted in the work of other scientists

B. is careful not to make a value judgment about the use of data

C. is applauded by all distinguished experimentalists

D. generates a novel and well-founded generalization

问答题 案例分析题