Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the motion picture camera and 1200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new.

Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age.

When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. They fired him when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time in experimenting his first patent(专利权) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity.

Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short, so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat.

Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.

小题1:How often did Edison make a new invention?

A．About every fourteen days

B．About every seven days

C．About once a week

D．About twice a week小题2:The underlined word “fired” in the passage means “__________”

A．Gave somebody a job

B．Set fire to somebody

C．Let somebody down

D．Forced somebody to leave his job小题3:Edison considered his deafness as______.

A．something bad

B．a gift from god

C．a kind of ability

D．a disadvantage小题4:which of the following sentence is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Edison had only 8 hours rest each day after his deafness

B．Edison got his education mostly by self-teaching

C．Edison had his first job in 1869

D．Edison’s inventions greatly improved the quality of people’s life小题5:What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The function of the electric light

B．Edison and his experiments

C．The importance of inventions

D．The whole life of Edison.

阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

　　史学勿需想象力的看法素为非史学者所相信。钱钟书曾说：“历史考据只扣住表面的迹象，这正是它的克己的美德，要不然它就丧失了谨严，算不得考据；或者变成不安本分、遇事生风的考据，所谓穿凿附会。”在他看来，“文学创作可以深挖事物的隐藏的本质，曲传人物的未吐露的心理”，这是“它的艺术的责任”。简言之，“考订只断定已然，而艺术可以想象当然和测度所以然。在这个意义上，我们不妨说诗歌、小说、戏剧比史书来得高明”。钱先生是读集部书的大家，今日也有人在发掘其史学方法。然而集部书中毕竟“文学”成分多些，曲传人物“未吐露的心理”，尤为钱先生最所擅长。

　　说史学勿需想象力的人认为，史学是一门实证的学问，凡事能证实即可。不过，实证的基础是史料，而实际遗留下来的史料，可能不过是原初材料的千百万分之一。古代史不用说，研究近现代史的人，常觉史料繁多。然而真到了论证具体问题时，立刻产生“书到用时方恨少”之感。盖史料不足是任何史家始终面临的常态，有此不足之感，则立言或能不失分寸；那些每觉史料充足而勇于立言者，除表明自身的胆大敢言外，也婉转道出其尚未入流的消息。

　　明确了史料不足是常态，就需要重新思考史学之所能了。根据史料以实证的方式“考定已然”，恐怕只是史学的第一步。孔子曾说：“夏殷之礼，吾能言之，杞宋不足征也，文献不足故也，足则吾能征之矣。”这里所谓“征”，一般的解释就是以史料证实之意。但不足以证实的，也还能有所“言”。这一点至关紧要，可惜过去的人不够重视。所谓“多闻阙疑，慎言其余”，是慎言，而非不言。

　　胡适就说：“历史家需要有两种必不可少的能力：一是精密的功力，一是高远的想象力。”前者用以“严格的评判史料”，近于科学；后者则偏于艺术。正因史料总不会齐全的，往往有一段，无一段，那没有史料的一段空缺，就靠史家的想象力来填补。有时史料所含的意义往往不显露，这时候也须靠史家的想象力来解释。

　　最重要的是，不能因为史无明文，便以为实无其事。作曲者可以于无声处表意，画家可以不着笔墨而传神，史家亦然。若因史料的空缺而主动“湮没”一段历史，历史就真正被割断了。后人了解历史必须依靠史料，但不意味着存留的史料就是过去的全部历史。用近代史学家蒙思明的话说：高明的史家，“不仅能够根据史料知道历史，更能由有史料留存部分的历史去知道那无史料留存部分的历史”。（选自2010年12月10日《南方周末》，有删节）

1．下面关于文中几种观点的解释，正确的一项是（     ）

A．钱钟书认为，“文学创作可以深挖事物的隐藏的本质，曲传人物的未吐露的心理”，借此来批判史学的功能，进而否定了史学的价值。

B．孔子根据杞宋的历史难以充分证实对夏殷礼俗的理解，故虽能言而不敢轻言。作者据此倡导史家要如孔子那样无征不言，言必有据。

C．胡适强调史家必须具备两种能力，但他更加推祟“高远的想象力”。因为，史料总不会齐全的，往往有一段，无一段，需要想象补充。

D．蒙思明提倡“由有史料留存部分的历史去知道那无史料留存部分的历史”，其目的并不只是还原历史的原貌，而是更好地探寻历史规律。

2．下列对原文中作者观点的概括和分析，正确的一项是（     ）

A．作曲者可以于无声处表意，画家可以不着笔墨而传神，史家也可以任意想象。

B．史料不足是任何史学家始终面临的常态，因此，史学家要勇于根据史料立言。

C．研究近现代史的人，常有被史料没顶之感，所以就不需要根据史料进行想象。

D．“史学之所能”既指“考定已然”，又指史家靠想象力去填补没有史料的空缺。

3．为什么史学最需要想象力？请根据原文概括。

__________________________________________________