问题 论述题

中国梦是中国文化土地上生长出来的绚丽花朵。在百余年的追梦中,中国梦被过度“功利化”“物质化”。改革开放35年来,中国得之于经济,失之于文化,文化已经成为中国经济社会发展的短板。究其原因,有学者认为:我们重视了文化的产业功能和意识形态功能,却忽视了文化作为文化的自身逻辑;我们看到太多国人文化不自信、不自觉和不认同,而皆西方为是的倾向和现象。

充实中国梦,文化不可缺席。党的十八届三中全会提出,要建设社会主义文化强国。文化强国,首先意味着先进性文化总引领着时代进步的潮流,代表人类文明未来发展的方向;其次,表现在做大做强文化产业的同时发挥其核心价值观的强大影响力;更重要的是使核心价值观念植根于历史传统,穿越不同时代,为时代变革提供最基本最稳定并富有吸引力的文化认同。

(1)结合上述材料,运用《文化生活》知识对“文化成为中国经济社会发展短板”归因观点进行佐证。(6分)

(2)请用历史唯物主义的有关知识,谈谈如何唤醒国人的文化自信和文化自觉。(6分)

答案

(1)①文化有自身的传承性和相对独立性,文化的发展并不始终与经济发展完全同步。我们过去过度重视物质文明建设,没有按照文化的自身逻辑来传承和发扬之,形成了文化短板现象。(3分)

②优秀的民族文化是本民族生存和发展的精神根基,尊重文化多样性,首先要尊重自己民族的文化,培育好、发展好本民族文化。由于国人对文化不自信、不自觉、不认同造成目前的文化短板现象。(3分)

(2)①社会存在决定社会意识,社会存在的变化发展决定社会意识的变化发展。唤醒国人的文化自信和文化自觉来自于对时代潮流、中国特色社会主义伟大实践的深刻把握,来自于对自身文化价值的充分肯定、对自身文化生命力的坚定信心。(2分)

②社会意识反作用于社会存在,先进的社会意识对社会存在起积极的推动作用。唤醒国人的文化自信和文化自觉,表现为文化核心价值观的强大影响力,最重要地是用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装头脑,指导工作、推动实践。(2分)

③价值观对人的行为具有导向作用,作出正确价值判断和价值选择要求遵循社会发展规律和站在最广大人民的立场上。唤醒国人的文化自信和文化自觉要以科学发展为主题,以建设社会主义核心价值体系为根本任务,以满足人民精神文化需求为出发点和落脚点。(2分)

④人民群众不仅是物质财富的创造者,也是精神财富的创造者要求我们树立群众观点和群众路线。唤醒国人的文化自信和文化自觉关键要增强全民族文化的自主性和创造力。人民,只有人民,才是优秀文化的真正创造者。(2分)

题目分析:(1)学者认为,“忽视了文化作为文化的自身逻辑”、“太多国人文化不自信、不自觉和不认同”,这是形成我国文化短板现象的主要原因。这两个原因对应的原理分别是:文化具有自身的传承性和相对独立性,尊重文化多样性首先要尊重、发展本民族文化。

(2)该题是措施类题目,措施围绕唤醒国人的文化自觉和文化自信,考查学生对历史唯物主义相关原理的理解和运用。唤醒国人的文化自觉和文化自信,需要对时代潮流、社会实践深刻把握,要用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装头脑,要以满足人民群众的精神文化需求为目的,要发挥人民群众的文化创造主体作用,从以上角度对应回答体现的道理。

选择题
单项选择题

Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Clubs have both taken the opportunity to travel to Spain this month to train in less testing weather conditions than those which have, quite literally, already blown around the UK in January of 2007.
Each group of athletes has been focused on training to the maximum, working on technique and molding themselves into two potential fighting units per Club for the 2007 Boat Race, sponsored by Xchanging. One set will be in the Blue Boat for each club and one set will race as reserves in Isis, for Oxford, and Goldie, for Cambridge.
In these modern times, the Head Coach for each club has a huge input on selection even though the crew is still named by the President. Just twenty years ago the balance was not quite the same.
The year 1987 will always be remembered in the history of this great Race as the year of the "mutiny" at Oxford. It is a tale which has since been retold and reworked in both a book and a movie.
This was the season for which mature Scottish student, Donald Macdonald, was elected President, having all ready won a Blue in 1986. Macdonald re-appointed Daniel Topolski (now a renowned rowing journalist and broadcaster)as Chief Coach.
Part of the 1986/87 squad at Oxford included American Chris Clark, now a coach at an American University, and four fellow US internationals.
Allegedly, a split appeared in the squad between the American quintet, all experienced and leading oarsmen, and those rowers closest to Macdonald. The Scot’s group were happy to follow Topolski’s regime whilst the others were not so sure.
Following a contentious seat racing trial in January of 1987, Topolski decided to move Clark to the bow-side of the beat. Clark disagreed. Topolski held firm. As a result Clark and his" group" within the squad decided not to row and sought a takeover.
The squabble was played out extensively in the UK national media and caught the public imagination. Macdonald sought support from the college captains and eventually won a vote of confidence by 28 votes to 11.
Without the Americans, the Oxford crew was immediately considered a lost cause. Cambridge were overwhelming favorites to win.
As it turned out, though, this was a Race which would prove why sport, and particularly The Boat Race, can be so fascinating.

The word "it" underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A.the year 1987

B.Race

C.Oxford

D.a book and a movie