问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:1856年3月,沙皇在对莫斯科贵族的一次讲话中指出:“现行的农奴领有制不能一成不变,与其等待农奴自下而上地来解放自己,倒不如从上面来废除农奴制度,解放农奴为好。”他后来又强调:“继续拖延只会引起更大的灾祸,对整个国家,特别是对地主会造成有害的、灾难性的后果。因而宜尽快通过改革方案。”

材料二:日本人民善于学习、善于创造,勤劳智慧、奋发向上。远在1400多年前,日本就先后20多次向中国派出遣隋使、遣唐使,借鉴中国的制度、典章、律令,引入佛教、汉字、技术,结合自己的实际形成了独具特色的日本文化。明治维新以后,日本人民努力学习吸收世界先进文明成果,逐步发展成为亚洲第一个现代化国家。日本人民以有限的国土资源创造出举世瞩目的发展成就,日本在制造业、信息、金融、物流等领域位居世界前列,拥有世界一流的节能环保技术。这是日本人民的骄傲,也值得中国人民学习。 ——2008年5月8日,胡 * * 在日本早稻田大学的演讲

材料三:凡未经议会同意,以国王权威停止法律或停止法律实施之越权力,为非法权力。议会议员之选举应是自由的……

材料四:人民为自由而战,寻求真正的解放。女王的荣光,查理的断首,都镌刻着“王在议会,法为习惯”的字样。

请回答:

(1)材料一中这位沙皇是谁?这次改革对俄国产生了什么影响?

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(2)日本在明治维新前实行闭关锁国政策,19世纪中期,首先侵略日本、打开日本国门的国家是?

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(3)材料二中,明治维新以后,日本人民在社会生活方面是如何“努力学习吸收世界先进文明成果”的?

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(4)材料一中该国确定了怎样的资产阶级统治?这一政治体制确立的标志是什么?

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答案

(1)亚历山大二世;从封建社会进入资本主义社会。

(2)美国。

(3)提倡文明开化。

(4)君主立宪制;《权利法案》的颁布。

完形填空

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第II卷(共45分)

第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分45分)

第一节:阅读表达(共0. 5小题.每小题3分,满分15分)

阅读下面的短文,请根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)

Some weight-loss camps, which are rare in China just a few years ago, have sprouted(萌芽) in Beijing, Qingdao, Shenzhen, and other cities. Today about 15 percent of adults, or 200 million Chinese, are reportedly overweight. Of these, 90 million—about 7 percent—are obese(极肥胖的).

Experts say the obesity epidemic is spreading to children, though more slowly than in adults. The trend, they say, will have a huge impact on the health of China's citizens and economy. "We're seeing a very large proportion(比例) of children and adolescents who are quite heavy and aren't moving much," said Barry Popkin, a nutrition professor. Popkin carries out an ongoing health-and-nutrition survey of 16,000 households in China. He says more kids today are overeating and putting on weight "quite quickly." In just ten years China's childhood obesity rate has doubled, with the greatest gains coming in urban(城市的) areas. "In big cities it's a big problem." 

Some experts blame the extra fat on a range of factors, many of them tied to China's rapidly changing economy and culture. The diets of Chinese adults and children are far higher in calorie-laden meats, fish, eggs, dairy products, fats, and sugars than ever before. __________, kids—especially city dwellers—are more sedentary(久坐的) today and spend more time indoors in front of homework, television, computer games, and the Internet.

Shuwen Ng, a health economist, says that kids in China now have pocket money, and they spend a portion of it on junk food. Ng adds that advertising and peer groups influence kids' food choices. Certain foods, such as new candies or fast food, have attractive features.

China's childhood obesity rate still lags that of the United States, where some 15 percent of kids are said to be obese. But the long-term effects are equally serious.

76.What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words).

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77.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Children’s obesity can have a very bad effect on the body conditions of the whole country and will cause a loss in the economy.

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78.P1ease fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.

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79. Which of the reasons that cause children’s obesity epidemic do you agree most? Why? (Please answer within 30 words. )

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80.Translate the underlined sentence in the last but one paragraph into Chinese·

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问答题