问题 问答题 简答题

陶瓷雕塑成形时要注意哪些?

答案

参考答案:

一个作品时要了解陶瓷烧制的性能,瓷泥在窑炉中的变化温度一定要适合泥土和釉层的熔合,宜直不宜太过弯曲,因为弯曲的瓷塑在烧到一定温度时就会熔化,产生变形。在成形生产中须注意如下几点:

1)瓷器线条宜简不宜繁,而且要注意疏密关系。瓷器的材料一般由泥土与化石原料等经过配方而组成,在还没有经过烧成前是松散的,所以不受拉、碰、压和擦等接触的压力,否则容易脱胚。

2)美术瓷器的泥浆浓度不能太稀,要严格控制。要注意产品在倒浆时的厚薄度,上厚下薄,因为产品胚体的下身受到上身的压力影响,所以必须要有一定的厚度,也要注意产品的干湿度,否则容易使胚体整个变形。

3)在雕塑时须考虑修胚的难度,凸凹点太明显都会对修胚产生影响。设计造型时须注意上部的重量,上部压力太大会使底座裂开。

4)在施釉时须注意上薄下厚,减少上面的重量,使烧成时不易变形,也要减少釉面的水份,防止胚体松爆,烧成时起泡。

5)胚体装进窑板时要平稳轻放,雕塑时要选好中心支点,不能偏斜,重心须放在中间不能偏斜。

完形填空

Well-done on an Exam

Do not underestimate the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and attaining key information. But do not overdo it.   小题1:   An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and read to work. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.

On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack everything you need ( pens, pencils, erasers, etc), then make your way to the examination hall in good time. 小题2:  

Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as “discuss”, “compare” and “evaluate”. 小题3:  It is always wise to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the unexpected: after all, examiners can get very bored marking stereotypical(模式化的) answers.

  小题4:   If you need something else to focus on to help you collect your thoughts, choose a fixture in the room, such as the ceiling or anything else that will not allow you to be distracted.

Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students. 小题5: 

A.Try not to look at those around you, or at the clock.

B.When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up the other words you didn’t understand.

C.Sleep, exercise and relaxation are all just as important.

D.Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time you should spend on each question.E. Go and have a well-earned rest---then prepare the next exam.

F. Do not arrive too early, though, as other people’s anxiety can be contagious(传染性的),and you may suffer from undue(过度的) panic.

G. If possible, you can arrive early and communicate with those worried students and help them overcome their anxiety.

单项选择题