Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book heroes of all time. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first introduced to the world in the pages of Marvel comic books.

Spiderman’s story is the story of Peter Parker, a child who lost his parents and lives with his aunt and uncle. Peter is a shy, quiet boy wearing glasses and has few friends. One day, on a high school class trip to a science lab, he gets bitten by a special spider. Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers: he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense. He no longer needs his glasses and he can use his super power to fly through the city streets! Remembering something his Uncle Ben has told him, that “with great power, there must also come great responsibility（责任）,” Peter decides to use his powers to fight enemies who do cruel things to people. And so, Spiderman is born.

Life is not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero. He is in love with Mary Jane but cannot tell her about his amazing powers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time. He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself!) to a newspaper and he keeps losing his other jobs because he’s so busy saving people! Yet he has to fight different kinds of cruel enemies.

小题1: Who created Spiderman?

A．Stan Lee.

B．Marvel.

C．Peter Parker.

D．Superman.小题2: What happened to Peter Parker after he was bitten by the spider?

A．He could not see with his eyes．

B．He became a spider．

C．He developed spider-like powers．

D．He was sick．小题3: What does“with great power，there must also come great responsibility”mean?

A．Powerful people can do whatever they like．

B．People with power are always good．

C．Powerful people should have a responsibility to do good．

D．Powerful people are to blame for all the bad things that happen．小题4: In what areas does Peter have problems that are similar to normal people?

A．Money，time，studying，reading．

B．Money，work，time，relationships．

C．Relationships，sport，money，work．

D．Money，work，time，sleep．

       今天人们所说的“荼马古道”，源自古代的 “茶马互市”，即先有“互市”，后有“古道”。 “茶马互市”是我国历史上汉藏民族间一种传统的贸易形式，唐代文献中就已经有所记载。     

       到宋代，内地茶叶生产飞跃发展，其中一部分茶叶“用于博马，实行官营”，在四川的名山等地设置了专门管理茶马贸易的“茶马司”。宋朝统治者为什么如此重视“茶马互市”呢？当时契丹、西夏和女真等少数民族的崛起对两宋 * * 造成严重威胁，迫使朝廷同西南地区少数民族保持友好关系，以便集中力量与西北少数民族 * * 抗衡。在这种情况下，“茶马互市”除了为朝廷提供一笔巨额茶利收入补充军费之需外，更重要的是，既满足了国家战马的需要，又维护了宋朝西南边境的安全。    

        那么，藏族人为什么也很重视“茶马互市” 呢？因为藏族人非常喜欢饮茶。招待客人，首先端出来的就是茶；外出旅行，必带的也是茶；累了， 饮几口热茶能立即消除疲劳；病了，饮一口浓茶能解毒祛病；用煮过的茶叶喂牲畜，马吃了长膘快， 牛吃了增加奶量。尤其藏民平时食用肉、乳较多， 喝茶可以解油腻、助消化。对于长期以自给自足的自然经济为主的藏族来说，他们并不需要外界供给很多东西，但茶叶却是绝对不可缺少的。     

       唐宋以后，汉藏人民之间通过“茶马互市”建立起来的友谊，一直延续到元、明、清。元代为了加强对藏区的管理，在“茶马古道”沿线推行“土官治土民”的土司制度，把以“茶马互市”为主的交通线路定为正式驿路，并设置驿站。从此“茶马古道”既是经贸之道、文化之道，又是治藏安藏之道。

       到了清代，“茶马互市”作为一种重要制度逐渐从历史地平线上消失，取而代之的是“边茶贸易”制度。藏族对茶叶的需求有增无减，对其他产品如丝绸、布料、铁器等的需求也开始增加；而内地对藏区马匹的需求虽然减少，却对藏区皮革、黄金，以及虫草、贝母等珍贵药材的需求大幅增加。 这样，汉藏之间的贸易范围更加广泛，驼铃声声，马蹄阵阵，“茶马古道”沿线的民间贸易更加繁荣。     

      “茶马古道”作为连接内地与康藏地区的交通大动脉，历经唐、宋、元、明、清，(     )最终消失，

(     )它对促进康藏地区经济发展、加强汉藏民族融合、维护国家统一的历史作用不容低估。     

1．用画线字的另外一个读音组词。     

     自给自足(       )     加强(       )     

2．在短文最后一个自然段的括号里，填上恰当的关联词语。     

3．“茶马互市”指的是什么？ 

4．宋朝统治者重视“茶马互市”的目的是什么？  

5．为什么说：“茶马古道既是经贸之道、文化之道，又是治藏安藏之道呢？