问题 选择题

下列说法不正确的是    (  )

①0.1 mol·L-1盐酸和0.1 mol·L-1醋酸分别与0.2 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液反应的速率相同

②0.1 mol·L-1盐酸和0.1 mol·L-1硝酸分别与大小相同的大理石反应的速率不同

③大理石块与大理石粉末分别与0.1 mol·L-1盐酸反应的速率不同

④已知t℃时反应N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) ΔH<0的速度为v,若降低温度,正反应速率加大

⑤合成氨中及时分离出氨气后可减小反应速率

⑥在合成氨反应中,相同条件下在有催化剂时(a)和无催化剂时(b)速率时间图像可用下图一表示

⑦在合成氨反应中,不同温度下(T2>T1)的NH3的体积分数与时间的关系图像可用图二表示

A.除①⑦外

B.除③⑤⑥外

C.除③⑤外

D.除③⑥⑦外

答案

答案:C

0.1 mol·L-1的醋酸c(H)小,反应速率小,①不正确,0.1 mol·L-1的盐酸和硝酸c(H)相同,反应速率相同,②不正确,大理石块与大理石粉表面积不同,反应速率不同,③正确。降低温度,反应速率减小,④不正确,合成氨分离出氨时平衡正向移动,反应混合物浓度减小,⑤正确。使用催化剂,反应速率加快,平衡速率不相等,⑥不正确,温度低时,反应速率慢,转化率随时间变化应小于温度高时,⑦不正确。

阅读理解

Garbage is unwanted or unusable materials. As long as there are people on the planet,there will be garbage Garbage is directly linked to human development,both technologically and socially.The composition of waste has yared Over time and location,with industrlal development.Examples of this include plastics.Some garbage has economical value and can be recycled once correctly recovered.

For most of us, "out of sight,out of mind": throw it away and it`s gone.But imagine what really happens to all the rubbish the world throws away.Now suddenly,the government is worried about mountains of garbage piling up with no place to put them all.

China`s increasing prosperity and urbanlsm create tons of garbage since the 1980s,causing tons of trouble.The amount of paper,plastic and other garbage has increased more than three times in two decades to about 300 million tons a year.As busy families are shifting from fresh to packaged foods,more garbage is expected.

There are also a huge number of people who go through the garbage to find anything that can be of value and recycled!The recycling is carried out every day when peope come to your house to take away your newspapers and cardboard,plastic and metal items.Every neighborhood has a garbage point.Take a train trip and there are recycling yards all along the tracks in every city. Food waste is collected by farmers to feed animals.

Even though we make an effort to recycle our solid waste,the amount of waste keeps increasing each year.Our biggest problem is where to put the solid waste and how to keep it from polluting our environment.If the solid waste is disposed incorrectly,it can pollute earth`s surface an underground water supplies.Currently,Our municipal waste goes to landfills or garbage dumps.

The waste must be treated to keep rats,flies and other anlmas from building their homes in the landfills.The treatrment also prevents the growth of bacteria that carry diseases.

The government knows such garbage disposal(处理)will always draw complaints.What they need to do is invest more money into bullding and maintaining better evelironment.

66. In the eyes of the author,________.

A.garbage should all be thrown away

B.garbage can all be recycled for its economical value

C.every kind of garbage has its practical value

D.garbage is closely related to the prrogress of society

67.From the second paragraph we can infer that_________.

A.throwing away rubbish is the only way at present

B.mountains of rubbish appear everywhere

C.the government has trouble dealing with rubbish

D.lanudfill treatment is the best way at present

68. In the 1980s,the amount of garbage was estimated about _______.

A.300 million tons                      B.200 million tons

C.100 million tons               D.50 million tons

69. The attitude of the author towards recycling waste is

A.unfriendly    B.objective     C.supportive      D.disappointed

70. What will be talked about after the last paragraph?

A.The government will respond to the people`s complaints.

B.Proper ways to deal with rubbish will be found.

C.The government will take measures to control the public.

D.The rubbish mountains will be removed.

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