问题 综合题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:民国初年新注册的工厂数(不包括矿山)(单位:家)

年份民国元年二年三年四年五年六年七年八年
工厂数1737375033342923
——中华民国农商部的统计

材料二:1914年在中国的外商、华商棉纺织厂平均纱锭数

 每厂平均纱锭数
外商企业51664/厂
华商企业23686/厂
——汪敬虞《中国近代工业史资料》提供的统计数字

材料三:1916年在中国的外商、华商煤矿情况(单位:%)

 年产百万吨以上年产10万~99万吨年产1万~9万吨年产1万吨以下
外商企业10088.541.10
华商企业011.559.9100
——汪敬虞《中国近代工业史资料》提供的统计数字

材料四:1919年全国注册工厂的情况(单位:家)

江苏直隶浙江广东山东福建奉天湖北陕西黑龙江广西其他各省
155454233312019193310
——陈真《中国近代工业史资料》提供的统计数字

请回答:

(1)据材料一,估计当时中国民族工业的情况,并简要分析出现这一情况的原因。(7分)

(2)据材料二、三、四,说明我国民族工业当时在其发展上的弱点。(6分)

答案

(1)民族工业有了进一步的发展,出现了“短暂的春天”。原因:一战期间,帝国主义国家暂时放松了对华的经济侵略;辛亥革命的作用;有识之士的倡导;实业救国思潮的影响。

(2)民族企业规模小,同外资厂矿相比规模悬殊;以煤矿开采为例,民族工业中的重工业基础薄弱,轻重工业发展不平衡;工业布局极不合理,绝大部分集中在沿海地区及长江流域。

本题提供了四则表格材料,解答第(1)问的关键是搞清楚这段时间是公元什么时候。民国二年是公元1913年,民国八年是公元1919年,由此可知是在一战期间,问题就会迎刃而解。第(2)问要求归纳其弱点,注意分析要全面。从材料二、三可以看出民族工业与外资企业的规模不同,轻重比例不同。材料四则很明显地反映了民族工业的分布状况,要求对数据的分析要细心。

阅读理解

信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息,请阅读下列应用文和相关信息,并按要求匹配信息。首先,请阅读下面的应用文:请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。(注:若选E,请涂A+B;若选F,请涂C+D。)

阅读以下个人的信息,然后匹配到合适的地方。

There is information about six places(A—F),after the description of these places,there is information about five people who are looking for a place to spend a holiday。Decide which place would be most suitable for the person(s) mentioned in questions56—60and then mark the correct answer on your answer sheet。

首先,请阅读下列景点的介绍:

A. Brightwood Park

Take you up to Westfield’s natural preserve for a short hike or to practice skipping stones in the large pond. You can look for deer and other woodland animals or go on a nature treasure hunt.

B. Jewark Airport

The airport offers free tours covering the history of the airport, terminal operations, and emergency vehicles and equipment for groups of  15 to 30 persons. The tours are intended for students in grades three and above. See also Newark International Airport.

C. Cheesequake State Park

The Cheesequake State Park features 1,284 acres of open fields, a hardwood forest, a variety of wildlife and about 200 species of birds. Activities include hiking, boating, canoeing, swimming and a variety of winter sports. An Interpretive Center provides live wildlife exhibits and environmental education programs, including nature walks.

D. The Model Railroad Club

The Model Railroad Club is an activity of the Union County Park System. The Club is open to visitors every Saturday afternoon for viewing the model train displays. Every fall, the Club sponsors a Light and Sound Show that will delight the model train lovers.

E. Fosterfields Living Historical Farm

Learn about farming as it was dons 100 years ago at Fosterfields Living Historical Farm. There are weekend demonstrations on planting and harvesting crops as well as special programs held throughout the year. Some of these include wool cutting and carriage driving.

F. Republic of Mauritius

An island country, lies 1, 200 miles off the southeastern coast of Africa. It covers 788 square miles and has a population of 1,100,000. The country can be divided into many parts with different climate all because of its peculiar terrains(地形).Mauritius has many rare and unique animals, such as snakes, parrots and lizards.

下面,请阅读以下出游者的信息,并匹配适合他们的旅游景点:

Mike, a young computer programmer, has been working hard and needs a holiday to relax in winter. He likes to get close to nature and enjoy water sports.

Peter and Kate and their two teenage sons, have to take their holidays out-doors. They would like to find a place where they can play games, such as looking for treasure.

Harry, a high school student, wants to travel on weekends, and would like to learn about materials to use when building a setting for the train set.

Maria, a primary school teacher, plans to take the whole class of 20 students for a holiday. The students will graduate this year, so she’d like to organize an activity without charge but it is instructive.

John, a young engineer in a modern car factory, enjoys an adventure journey once a year. This time, he would like to have journeys to the countryside, where he can try to learn about driving a horse and carriage.

出游者                             旅游地点

66.Mike                             A. Brightwood Park

67.Peter,Kate and their sons                B. Jewark Airport

68.Harry                            C. Cheesequake State Park

69.Maria                            D. The Model Railroad Club

70.John                             E. Fosterfields Living Historical Farm

F. Republic of Mauritius

名词解释