问题 综合题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:洋商见我工商竞用新法,深中其忌,百计阻抑,勒价停市。上年江浙、湖北等省,缫丝、纺织各厂,无不亏折,有歇业者,有抵押与洋商者。——《东华续录》光绪朝

材料二:20世纪90年代初,天津武举李福明在北京开办一家机器面粉厂,使用外国进口蒸汽机磨,每天能磨细面粉200石。京城官府见机器面粉厂生意兴隆,就存心勒索。今天饬令它降低价格,明天饬令它捐献。李福明不甘心受压迫,到官府去讲理。结果,官府给他扣上“私设磨坊”“哄闹官署”等罪名……李明福的机器面粉厂被迫关闭。——人教版《中国近代现代史》上册

材料三:中国的资本主义近代工业,1912年至1919年8年间,建成厂矿470多个,投资近1亿元,加上原有企业的扩建,新增资本达1.3亿元以上,8年相当于过去全部投资总额。——《中国近代经济史统计资料选辑》

请回答:

(1)材料一、二反映出民族工业发展过程中的阻力是什么?(4分)

(2)依据材料三,指出这一时期民族工业发展的特点,并结合所学知识分析其原因。(8分)

答案

(1)帝国主义和封建主义(或洋商和官府)。

(2)特点:民族工业的发展进入黄金时期。

原因:一战期间,帝国主义忙于战争,暂时放松了对中国的侵略;民国成立激发了民族资产阶级振兴实业的热情,且政府采取了一系列发展经济的措施;人民群众反帝斗争的促进。

回答第(1)问,首先应想到民族工业在发展过程中所遇到的阻力主要有帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的压迫,再细读两则材料的内容,就很容易判断材料所讲阻力来自何方。而回答第(2)问,则要注意材料中所提到的时间,1912~1919年,由此可判断是指辛亥革命后至一战结束期间民族工业发展的情况,这样就能回答出这一时期民族工业发展的原因了。

计算题
阅读理解

C

What should I eat for breakfast? Who should I go out with on weekends? What should I do if I miss the bus to school? What colleges should I apply for? Again and again Chinese kids ask these questions to their teachers and parents. They can’t make their own choices.

Kids in America would be very surprised to hear how much Chinese children depend on adults. When they are ten years old, kids decide what clothes they want to wear and buy. By twelve they know what classes to take for middle school. Thirteen years old is the beginning of being what Americans call a “teenager”. Now the child is up to almost all his / her decisions. Finally at sixteen the kid usually gets a car from his / her parents.

Why should kids be independent? Think about it. After high school most of us will be by ourselves. Will our parents be able to tell us what to eat for breakfast in college? Can our teachers decide what we should do at work?

Making our own choices can be quite hard and scary. But we can start with making small choices, and then slowly make bigger and more important choices.

64. The first paragraph is written to tell the readers that Chinese kids ______.

A. don’t know what to do                B. always have many questions

C. believe in their teachers and parents     D. depend on adults too much

65. At what age can an American kid make most decisions by himself or herself?

A. Ten.                 B. Twelve.          C. Thirteen.           D. Sixteen.

66. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. American kids are more independent than Chinese kids.

B. American kids will more easily adapt themselves to society.

C. American parents don’t care for their children.

D. A sixteen American youngster can drive his / her own car.

67. In the writer’s eyes, ______.

A. dependence on adults is shameful in China

B. independence from adults is worth encouraging

C. kids have no ability to make a real choice

D. making decisions is rather easy