问题 问答题 案例分析题

患者男性,32岁,机关职员,现住广州,9月13日下午到某综合医院就诊,自述昨晚与朋友5人到市内某餐厅聚餐,吃过凉拌菜、卤水拼盘、鸡、草鱼、海虾、螃蟹、青菜炒猪肉等,次晨开始出现腹泻后呕吐,泻吐量大,到就诊时已腹泻水样便10余次,期间无腹痛、无发热,曾出现过小腿痉挛。患者发病前一周内未离开过本市,无饮生水史,既往健康,就诊时查体:精神差、皮肤稍干皱,血压70/45mmHg。

1.此时接诊医生的初步诊断应考虑为哪几种疾病?

2.此时接诊医生应重点开展哪几项工作?

3.属地疾控中心接到疫情报告后立即组织专业人员赶赴医院,对病人开展流行病学个案调查,了解到与患者聚餐的5人中有2人也出现轻微腹泻症状,此时应重点开展哪些工作?

4.经实验室检测,上述3名腹泻者的便培养结果为霍乱弧菌阳性,此时是否可以确诊为霍乱病人?

5.疾控中心血清学分型鉴定结果为O139群霍乱弧菌,此时应采取哪些控制措施?

答案

参考答案:

1.急性胃肠炎、疑似霍乱、感染性腹泻,高度怀疑“疑似霍乱”。

2.(1)立即向属地疾控中心报告疫情;(2)将患者单间隔离治疗,做好病房、病区及患者所用物品等的随时消毒;(3)查血常规和血液生化检验;(4)查便常规和尿常规;(5)采集患者呕吐物及便样进行肠道致病菌、重点是霍乱弧菌的培养。

3.(1)采集患者呕吐物和便样以及另外出现腹泻症状的2人的便样进行肠道致病菌、重点是霍乱弧菌的培养;(2)密切关注与患者密切接触人员的健康状况,一旦出现泻吐症状应立即就医。

4.未做血清分型鉴定,故不能确诊,仍为疑似霍乱,因霍乱弧菌有多种血清型,只有O1群和O139群才是霍乱的病原体。

5.(1)立即向属地卫生行政部门及上级疾控中心报告;(2)患者严格隔离治疗,加强病房、病区及患者所用物品等的随时消毒;(3)对患者同住家人、共同聚餐者及其他密切接触者进行为期5天的医学观察及预防服药,并采集便样进行霍乱弧菌的细菌培养;(4)对病家进行消毒处理;(5)对聚餐的餐厅及其厨师、员工等进行监管。

单项选择题
完形填空

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

One spring afternoon five years ago, Jimmy Liao was crying in the hall of Taipei’s Sherwood Hotel, Life seemed  36  . The people who laughed as they walked past were taking their   37  for granted, just as he  38  himself. Now, however, he felt  39  —and he couldn’t even show his disappointment in his  40  .

Seeking more personally satisfying  41  , he had just left a successful job as a commercial artist when it seemed that fate(命运)played a cruel  42  on him. It was at this time that he developed cancer and was  43  to work. But that moment in the hotel was a turning point for Jimmy. He began to  44  the fact that there is no such a thing as fate, only  45  . Since then, he has put out several imaginative, illustrated(带插图的)books.

According to Jimmy, you are  46  you choose to be. You can give up or you can work to be a happier person. Jimmy realized that, while the world  47  seems unfair, your choice can change your life.

This idea can be   48  in Jimmy’s books, where his characters show the powerlessness they feel   49  making their choices. The message that goes with Jimmy’s drawings, however, is 50 .

Though the world may make us feel small, we must be  51  . Everything will be all right for us—as it is for the “small people” in Jimmy’s books—if we make choices that are   52  for us.

In spite of his new  53  and wealth, Jimmy prefers working  54  at home with his wife and daughter. He spends his mornings drawing. To Jimmy, living a life as he chooses means much more than money and fame could  55  .

36.A.unreasonable    B.unusual     C.unfair       D.unhappy

37.A.health              B.wealth      C.happiness       D.illnesses

38.A.ought to          B.had to       C.needed to       D.used to

39.A.ashamed          B.disappointed            C.upset        D.shameful

40.A.crying             B.painting           C.imagination      D.consideration

41.A.dignity            B.work         C.condition             D.situation

42.A.game               B.trick          C.role                    D.part

43.A.unable             B.impossible       C.unfit                D.difficult

44.A.resist           B.insist               C.refuse              D.understand

45.A.failures            B.efforts             C.choices            D.interests

46.A.that                 B.what                C.which              D.whoever

47.A.eventually        B.seldom            C.sometimes        D.usually

48.A.found              B.drawn              C.written            D.conducted

49.A.after                B.for                  C.with                D.before     

50.A.powerful         B.hopeful            C.useful              D.successful

51.A.grand                     B.big           C.brave                  D.equal

52.A.potential          B.basic               C.right                D.simple

53.A.product           B.fame               C.name               D.job

54.A.rapidly            B.separately        C.slowly             D.quietly

55.A.offer               B.gain                C.gather              D.earn