问题 问答题 简答题

如何评价社会—历史文学批评方法?

答案

参考答案:

①文学作品描写人们的生活,这种生活整体上是社会的历史的。阐释这些文学作品中的社会生活内容,显然是文学批评的重大任务。从那些表面平淡无奇的事件中揭示出蕴含其中的及其深广的社会历史内容,使之产生振聋发聩的效果,这正是社会历史批评的功绩所在。

②但并非所有的文学作品都无一例外地具有社会历史内容,社会历史批评试图在所有文学作品中去发现寻找社会历史内容,就不能不产生许多历史弊端。

③由于社会历史批评十分重视文学作品的社会历史内容,相对就忽视了文学作品艺术形式,这是社会历史批评的先天缺陷。

④但就文学与社会的关系来说,无论从批评对象还是批评者来看,社会历史批评有其必要性和必然性。

完形填空
完形填空。
     For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping - watching TV and buying things by phone.
Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some   1   countries, people can turn on their   2   and shop
for clothes, jewelry, food, toys and   3   things.   
    Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden.   4  , the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds
of things on TV in fifteen European countries, and in one year, it makes $10 million. In France, there are
two teleshopping channels, and the French   5   about $ 20 million a year in buying things through those
channels.   
     In Germany,   6   last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for one hour every day.
Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can   7   for telebusiness, including the
largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German   8   are hoping
these will help them sell more things.   
     Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without   9  . With all the
traffic problems in cities, going shopping is not an easy thing. But at the same time, other Europeans  10 
 like this new way of buying things. They call  11  "junk (垃圾) on the air." Many Europeans usually worry
about the quality (质量) of the things  12  on TV. They think high quality is the most important thing, and
they don't believe they can be sure about the quality of the things  13 .   
     The need of high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be  14  the American
companies. They will have to be more careful about  15  of the things they sell. They will also have to work
harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see by themselves.

( )1. A. European   
( )2. A. lights   
( )3. A. some else   
( )4. A. Such as   
( )5. A. takes   
( )6. A. to   
( )7. A. begin   
( )8. A. people   
( )9. A. to go out   
( )10. A. still   
( )11. A. teleshopping   
( )12. A. appearing   
( )13. A. in the shop   
( )14. A. the same with   
( )15. A. the number

B. Asian
B. switches
B. another many
B. For example
B. cost
B. until
B. leave
B. women
B. going out
B. don't
B. TV
B. coming out
B. on TV
B. different from  
B. the quality

C. American
C. radios
C. the other
C. For teleshopping
C. spends
C. unless
C. open
C. businessmen
C. to buy things
C. even
C. radio
C. for sale
C. they bought
C. as big as
C. the places

D. African
D. TVs
D. many other
D. It is like
D. spend
D. by
D. turn on
D. officials
D. buying things              
D. won't
D. telephone
D. to buy
D. by this way
D. larger than
D. the buyers
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