问题 选择题

如图是某绳波形成过程的示意图,1、2、3、4……为绳上的一系列等间距的质点,绳处于水平方向。质点在外力作用下沿竖直方向做简谐运动,带动2、3、4……各个质点依次上下振动,把振动从绳的左端传到右端。t=0时质点1开始竖直向上运动,质点振动周期为T。经过四分之一周期,质点5开始运动,此时质点1已发生的位移为S。下列判断正确的是

A.t=时质点5的运动方向向下

B.t=质点7的加速度方向向上

C.t=时质点5运动的路程为3S

D.t=T时质点9向下运动

答案

答案:D

分析:根据后一个质点重复前一个质点的振动,可知每一个质点开始振动的时候都和波源起振的情况相同;要求选项B,需知道该时刻该质点的位移的正负,再根据回复力F=-KX确定其加速度的方向;要知道t= 时质点5运动的路程就必需知道该质点已运动多少时间即多少周期再根据一个周期内质点通过的路程为4A求解;要求t=T时质点9运动的方向需知道该时刻质点9已运动的时间从而确定其运动的方向.

解答:解:A、经过,质点1从平衡位置运动到波峰,位移为S,则振幅A=S,由于后一个质点重复前一个质点的振动,由于质点1开始振动时是从平衡位置开始向上振动,故质点5,开始振动时也是由平衡位置开始向上振动.故A错误.

B、振动从质点1传播到质点5经过T,则质点1和质点5之间的距离为λ,则质点1到质点7为λ,所以波从质点1传到质点7所需时间为T,故在时质点7已振动T,即质点7在从平衡位置向正的最大位置运动过程中,根据a=-故加速度方向向下.故B错误.

C、在时刻,质点5已运动,故其通过的路程为×4S=2S,故C错误.

D、波从质点1传播到质点9所需时间为T,故在t=T时质点9已运动T,故正通过平衡位置向下运动,故D正确.

故选D.

选择题
阅读理解

Scientific discoveries have changed man’s life a great deal during the past century. First of all, they have greatly improved material well-being in several areas of life. In the field of medicine, cures for life threatening diseases have enabled people to live longer. In communication, the telephone and e-mail have made it possible for us to communicate with anyone in the world without leaving our homes or offices. Advances in transportation allow businessmen to fly across the ocean in the morning and return home the same evening. Space technology has put men on the moon. More efficient ways of using available resources, such as coal and solar power, have been explored.

Scientific discoveries have also changed man’s moral atmosphere. Ethical (伦理的) issues are raised by these discoveries. Should we keep a terminally ill person alive through drugs and machines or should we allow him to die in dignity? With advances in transportation had come the problem of pollution for nearly every major city in the world. If cities become uninhabitable, then such technical advances may come with too great a price to pay. Many people also question the wisdom of sending men to the moon when there are urgent problems that have not been solved on earth. During future years, increasing attention must be given to the moral as well as the practical applications of science.

小题1:Scientific discoveries have improved man’s life in several fields. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A.medicine

B.communication and transportation

C.education

D.space technology小题2: Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Scientific discoveries have only changed man’s moral atmosphere.

B.Scientific discoveries have only changed man’s material well-being.

C.Scientific discoveries have helped people find efficient ways of using available resources.

D.Men are sent to the moon because there are urgent problems that have not been solved on earth.小题3:At the end of the passage the author says that increasing attention must be given to _________.

A.the moral applications of science

B.the practical applications of science

C.urgent problems on the earth

D.both A and B小题4:The best title for the passage is __________.

A.Science discoveries

B.Science and daily life

C.Advances in transportation

D.City pollution