问题 问答题 简答题

简述研究汉语史的四个原则是什么?

答案

参考答案:

四个原则:

⑴注意语言发展的历史过程。语言的研究可分为静态的研究和动态的研究。静态的研究:着眼于某一时代的某一语言现象;动态的研究:着眼于不同时代的某一语言现象。

⑵密切联系社会发展的历史。语言不能脱离社会而存在,社会的发展必然影响语言的发展。

⑶重现语言各方面的联系。在语言的构成部分中,语音、词汇和语法是有机地互相联系的一个不可分割的整体。

⑷辨认语言的发展方向可从两方面看:第一、古代语言循着什么方向达到今天的情况;第二、今天的语言将来要朝哪一方向走。

阅读理解

What do we do when we go camping? First, we work out a plan. We take food, clothing, a knife, and things for cooking and eating. We take things to keep us away from insects (昆虫)and the sun.

Then we put everything into the car and we drive to the woods(森林). We look for a place for campers and we look for a good place for our tent(帐篷). The place should have a lot of moving air. This will keep some insects away. High land with water on both sides of it is good. Then we put up our tent. We put everything into the tent, and we are ready for fun. We can swim in the lake, walk in the woods, climb a mountain, row a boat, or go fishing.

In the evening we come back to the tent, we build a big fire(火), because it can keep the insects away. We sit around the fire and talk. We may tell interesting stories or we may sing songs.

At night we lie down on the grass. We can look up at the stars. It is a busy day, so we try to go to sleep early.

Everything is dark. Everything is quiet. We hope we won’t hear music from the radio in the next tent. We hope it won’t rain.

小题1:Before going to camp we should first ________ .

A.make a plan

B.take some food

C.take things to keep us warm

D.take something for cooking and eating小题2:We go to camp ________ .

A.by bus

B.by car

C.by bike

D.on foot小题3:Campers can take part in _______ activities

A.one or two

B.few

C.many

D.two or three小题4:In the evening we build a fire because _________ .

A.it is cold at night

B.it can keep us warm

C.it can keep the insects away

D.it is dark and quiet小题5:The campers like to ________ at night

A.hear music from the radio

B.go to sleep early

C.have rain

D.be busy

填空题